Nursing Foundations
Who is considered the founder of modern nursing and emphasized cleanliness in care?
Florence Nightingale
What is the first step of the nursing process?
Assessment
What law protects personal health information?
HIPAA
What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?
Proper hand hygiene
What does the acronym FACT stand for in documentation?
Factual, Accurate, Complete, Timely
According to Maslow’s Hierarchy, what type of needs must be met first?
Physiological needs (food, water, oxygen, shelter)
Which step of the nursing process involves setting SMART goals?
Planning
The right of patients to make their own health decisions is called what?
Autonomy
Name two situations when nurses must wash their hands.
Before patient contact, after patient contact, before eating, after restroom, after glove removal, visibly soiled, etc.
“If it isn’t documented, it wasn’t ______.”
Done
Nursing care that considers the whole person (mind, body, spirit) is called what?
Holistic nursing care
In the Clinical Judgment Model, which step involves judging the client’s response to interventions?
Evaluation
What is the nurse’s primary role in protecting patient rights?
Advocacy
What is the correct order to don PPE?
Gown → Mask/Respirator → Goggles/Face Shield → Gloves
Which organization develops the Standards of Nursing Practice?
American Nurses Association (ANA)
A nurse ensures the call light is within reach and the bed rails are up. Which level of Maslow’s needs does this address?
Safety needs
What does the acronym SMART stand for in goal setting?
Specific, Measurable, Appropriate, Realistic, Timed
Which ethical principle means “doing good” or acting in the best interest of the patient?
Beneficence
In what situation is alcohol-based hand sanitizer not effective, requiring handwashing with soap and water instead?
When caring for a patient with a spore-forming infection such as Clostridium difficile (C. diff).
What is the difference between objective and subjective data?
Objective = measurable and observed; Subjective = patient’s report
What is the primary nursing goal when working with families?
Promote family health and support coping.
In the Clinical Judgment Model, which step involves prioritizing hypotheses about patient needs and risks?
Analysis
A nurse promises a patient they will return with pain medication and follows through. Which ethical principle is this an example of?
Fidelity
Which category of isolation precautions should be used for a patient with the flu?
Droplet
Why is documentation important in nursing practice?
It communicates care, provides a legal record, and ensures continuity of care