Asia
Leader of the Muslim League, wanted an independent "Pakistan" (land of the pure)
Ali Jinnah
the unity of all black Africans, regardless of national boundaries
Pan-Africanism
Turkish nationalist who founded the modern Turkish state
Kemal Ataturk
Pol Pot eliminated educated, artists, religious, and minorities
Cambodian Genocide
this region has taken center stage in the realm of international politics, It leads as another great example of irredentism. it holds the debate of a Jewish historical possession and ethnic minority in 1946 versus the historical possession of the Palestinians and their ethnic majority in 1946.
Israel-Palestine
Campaign in China ordered by Mao Zedong to purge the Communist Party of his opponents and instill revolutionary values in the younger generation.
Cultural Revolution
South African statesman who was released from prison to become the nation's first democratically elected president in 1994 (born in 1918)
Nelson Mandela
An international oil cartel originally formed in 1960. Represents the majority of all oil produced in the world. Attempts to limit production to raise prices. It's long name is the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries.
OPEC
A group of Communist rebels who seized power in Cambodia in 1975.
Khmer Rouge
A movement within both the Shiite and Sunni Muslim traditions to return to a more conservative, religious-based society and state. Often associated with a rejection of Western culture and with a political aim to merge civic and religious authority.
Islamic Fundamentalism
Started by Mao Zedong, combined collective farms into People's Communes, failed because there was no incentive to work harder, and ended after 2 years.
Great Leap Forward
The killing of more than 500,000 ethnic Tutsis by rival Hutu militias in 1994. The conflict between the dominant Tutsis and the majority Hutus had gone on for centuries, but the suddenness and savagery of the massacres caught the United Nations off-guard. U.N. peacekeepers did not enter the country until after much of the damage had been done.
Rwandan Genocide
Shah of Persia (Iran), officer in the Persian Army, led a military mutiny and made himself king, established the Pahlavi Dynasty
Reza Khan (Reza Shah Pahlavi)
1950s and 60s; communist leader of North Vietnam; used guerrilla warfare to fight anti-Communists, American-funded attacks under the Truman Doctrine; brilliant strategy drew out war and made it unwinnable
Ho Chi Minh
the Radical youth of the Cultural Revolution in China starting in 1966. Often wore red armbands and carried Mao's Little Red Book.
Red Guards
First prime minister of India
Jawaharlal Nehru
South African political party established in 1912 by elite Africans who sought to win full acceptance in colonial society; it only gradually became a popular movement that came to control the government in 1994.
African National Congress
A movement to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine
Zionism
Mao's quotations of the proper Communist living; carried by the Red Guard
Little Red Book
the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest.
Civil Disobedience
The 6,000-mile (9,600-kilometer) flight of Chinese Communists from southeastern to northwestern China. The Communists, led by Mao Zedong, were pursued by the Chinese army under orders from Chiang Kai-shek.
Long March
Elected as the last white South African president in 1989. He legalized the ANC and also released Nelson Mandela from prison. This started a new era in South Africa and ended apartheid
F.W. de Klerk
British document that promised land in Palestine as homeland for Jews in exchange for Jews help in WWI
Balfour Declaration
Nationalist political party founded on democratic principles by Sun Yat-sen in 1912. After 1925, the party was headed by Chiang Kai-shek, who turned it into an increasingly authoritarian movement.
Guomindang
Shiite religious leader of Iran, led the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran and ordered the invasion of the US Embassy.
Ayatollah Khomeini