This system was used by Spanish colonists to force Native Americans into labor on agricultural plantations or in mines.
What is the encomienda system?
This 1607 settlement became the first permanent English colony in North America.
What is Jamestown?
This 1754–1763 conflict forced Britain to assume huge war debts and begin taxing the colonies more heavily.
What is the French and Indian War/ Seven Years War?
The election of Thomas Jefferson shifted federal power to the Democratic-Republicans becoming known as this.
What is the Revolution of 1800?
This founding document created a weak central government, leaving most power with the states.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
Before European contact, this city in Mississippi, was defined by mound building societies
What is Cahokia
Colonies such as New France built their economies around this trade with Native American groups.
What is the fur trade?
James Otis argued that this political right was essential and violated by parliamentary taxes.
What is "No taxation without representation"?
This reform movement focused on increasing emotional religious expression and individual salvation.
What is the Second Great Awakening?
Thomas Jefferson praised small, limited government in 1801, yet later approved this massive 1803 land purchase.
What is the Louisiana Purchase?
Pre-Columbian Mexico's population trends can be attributed to trade and settlement from the cultivation of this good.

What is maize?
The second paragraph of the excerpt claims what about men and women's roles?

What is gender equality?
The Petition to the Massachusetts State Legislature of 1777 makes the argument that this institution is contrary to the ideals of the American Revolution.
What is slavery?
The growth of new political parties in the early 19th century can be attributed to the expansion of _______________ to most adult men.
What is suffrage?
This economic transformation expanded canals, roads, and markets in the United States.
What is the Market Revolution?
Historian Alfred Crosby argued these were the main cause of Native population collapse after European arrival.

What are Old World diseases?
The change in White and Black populations in the various regions shown in the table most strongly suggests the influence of what?

A demand from Europe for goods like tobacco or sugar
The share of White and African American populations in the various states shown in the table most strongly suggests these two states relied less on enslaved labor than other regions in the south.

What is Kentucky and Tennessee?
The author in this excerpt argues that this person can be blamed for the unintended effects of Indian Removal.

Who is Andrew Jackson?
This labor system brought thousands of young English workers to the Chesapeake before slavery became dominant.
What is indentured servitude?
This specific motive was the primary driver of 16th-century Spanish colonization, overshadowing "God" and "Glory" in practical terms.

How was the experience of enslaved people in the southern British colonies as described in the excerpt, similar to the experience of enslaved people in the northern British colonies

This action was taken in response to the economic consequences of Britain’s victory in the Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War)

What is an increase in colonial taxes?
The petition requests funding for projects that would improve ________________.
What is transportation?
These escape communities of formerly enslaved people were found throughout the Americas, including in the British colonies.
What are maroon communities?