Factors that Influence Participation in Physical Activity
Two personal factors that influence participation.
What are age and self‑esteem?
(Also accepted: gender, education, socioeconomic status, interest/hobbies, ethnicity, religion.)
Two social groups that influence young people's activity choices.
Who are family and peers?
(Also Acceptable: community groups and coaches)
One common barrier and one way to overcome it.
What is 'too busy' and practising time management (for example, scheduling 30‑minute sessions)?
(Also acceptable, energy, or motivation, along with fear of injury, lack of skills, and limited resources like high costs or no access to facilities)
Two safe-practice tips to avoid injury.
What are the warm‑up exercises before exercise and wearing appropriate shoes?
(Also acceptable: hydration, warm‑down, dressing for temperature, or doctor consultation)
How socioeconomic status affects access to activity — give one example.
What is that higher socioeconomic status can pay for gyms, lessons or club fees while lower status may limit access to facilities (for example, a private pool versus only local parks)?
Three benefits of exercising with a friend.
What are greater enjoyment/socialising, increased commitment to show up, and extra motivation to reach goals?
(Also Acceptable: affordability, safety, learning new exercises)
Two likely barriers for a 14‑year‑old girl living on a farm.
hat are that remote location/limited facilities and heavy time demands from farm work or family responsibilities?
(Also Acceptable, transport issues or lack of peers as valid additional barriers.)
One physiological reason warming down is important.
What is that a warm‑down helps gradually lower heart rate and reduce blood pooling, aiding recovery and lessening muscle stiffness.
How culture or ethnicity might shape a young person's activity choices — give one example
What are the cultural beliefs that can make some activities more or less acceptable (for example, some cultures may discourage women from playing certain sports)?
One way parents can positively shape a child's long-term activity habits.
What is that parents model active behaviour and enrol children in sports, which creates habits that continue into adulthood?
(Also Acceptable: any reference to the following encouragement, role modelling, or logistical support.)
One cultural barrier and two school-based strategies to reduce it.
What are the cultural norms restricting girls' sport, Offering female‑only classes and culturally respectful role models are two strategies to reduce it.
Three outdoor exercise risks and one way to reduce each.
What are heat/exhaustion — hydrate and avoid peak sun; traffic hazards — use paths and high‑visibility clothing; uneven terrain — wear appropriate footwear and check the route?
(Also Acceptable, any other risk/mitigation pairs)
Two ways in which education influences long-term participation in activity.
What does education raise awareness of health benefits and provide exposure to activities (for example, school PE classes introducing lifelong sports)?
How designing a fitness circuit can improve fitness — name two components and matching exercises
What are cardiovascular endurance (for example, stair runs or jumping jacks) and muscular strength/endurance (for example, push‑ups and squats)?
Two-step time-management plan to overcome 'too busy.
What is the audit weekly time to find free slots and then block regular activity times (for example, 3×30 minutes) on the calendar with reminders?
Give a brief warm‑up and cool‑down plan for a 30‑minute circuit.
What is a warm‑up: light jog 2 minutes, dynamic stretches 3 minutes, movement drills 1 minute; cool‑down: 2 minutes walking and 2 minutes static stretching?
Analyse how self‑esteem and peer influence together affect a teen’s participation; give two linked examples.
What is that high self‑esteem plus active peers increases participation (for example, joining friends for sport and persisting). In contrast, low self‑esteem and inactive peers reduce participation (for example, avoiding sport because of embarrassment and peer preference for screens)?
Evaluate the role of feedback/data in refining movement skills; give one sport/classroom example.
What is that feedback and performance data let's learners identify faults and track progress, improving technique and reducing injury risk (for example, using video analysis of a volleyball serve to correct arm path)?
Analyse how low income, remoteness and caregiving interact to limit lifelong activity and propose one community solution.
What is that the three barriers together create financial, access and time constraints that reduce participation, and a community solution is to provide subsidised outreach programs or shared transport and volunteer coaching to improve access.
Two reasons discussing health conditions before activity supports safe, inclusive participation.
What is that personalised modifications (for example adjusted intensity or medication plans) reduce the risk of adverse events, and clear safety protocols (for example emergency action plans and teacher awareness of triggers) enable quick, appropriate responses and increase inclusion?