MENTAL HEALTH
The diagnostic manual whose fifth edition provides criteria professionals use to help identify and classify mental disorders.
DSM-5
A positive impression of one characteristic, such as attractiveness, leads someone to assume the person also has other positive qualities.
A specialised nervous-system cell that receives and transmits information.
Neuron
A neurotransmitter involved in movement, motivation and reward-related learning.
Dopamine
Freely agreeing to participate after receiving and understanding relevant information about the study and its risks.
Informed consent
A characteristic or experience that increases the likelihood of developing a mental health problem, without making it certain.
Risk factor
A generalised belief about the characteristics of people belonging to a particular group.
Stereotype
The insulating covering around many axons that helps electrical signals travel efficiently.
Myelin sheath
The brain’s main inhibitory neurotransmitter, which generally reduces the likelihood that a receiving neuron will fire.
GABA
The ethical entitlement that allows participants to stop taking part without penalty.
Withdrawal rights
Negative attitudes and beliefs about people with mental illness that can lead to judgement, exclusion or reluctance to seek help.
Stigma
A cognitive framework or mental structure stored in memory that organises knowledge, beliefs, and expectations about people, social groups, roles, and events
Schema
The cerebral lobe particularly involved in planning, decision-making, impulse control and voluntary movement.
Frontal lobe
A reduced response to the same dose of a drug after repeated use, so a larger dose may be needed to produce the previous effect.
Tolerance
The factor deliberately changed by a researcher to investigate its effect on a measured outcome.
Independent variable
Knowledge and understanding that help someone recognise mental health problems, understand support options and seek appropriate help.
Mental health literacy
In order, what are the stages of Social Learning Theory?
1. Attention/Observation
2. Retention
3. Reproduction
4. Motivation
5. Reinforcement
The nervous system’s capacity to change its connections and functioning in response to experience, learning or injury.
Neuroplasticity
Continuing a behaviour or substance use despite harmful consequences, with difficulty controlling it.
Addiction
A factor other than the intended manipulation that differs systematically between conditions and could explain the results.
Confounding/extraneous variable
An approach that explains mental health through the interaction of biological influences, thoughts and emotions, and social circumstances.
Biopsychosocial model
An expectation changes how someone behaves towards another person, helping produce the outcome originally expected.
Self-fulfilling prophecy
The selective removal of some neural connections, often those used less frequently, while other connections are retained.
Synaptic pruning
A chemical messenger released by a neuron into the bloodstream to act on target cells elsewhere in the body.
Neurohormone
Acting honestly when conducting and reporting research, including reporting results that do not support the hypothesis.
Integrity