FEDERALISM & RECONSTRUCTION
Limits lawsuits against states by citizens of another state or country.
What is the 11th Amendment?
Authorized Congress to collect a federal income tax.
What is the 16th Amendment?
Moved presidential inaugurations to January and shortened lame-duck periods.
What is the 20th Amendment?
Granted Washington, D.C. electoral votes in presidential elections.
23rd
Established the principle of judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison (1803)?
Changed the presidential election process following the election of 1800.
What is the 12th Amendment?
Established the direct election of U.S. Senators.
What is the 17th Amendment?
Repealed national prohibition and returned alcohol regulation to the states.
What is the 21st Amendment?
Banned poll taxes in federal elections.
What is the 24th Amendment?
Confirmed Congress’s implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause
What is McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?
Abolished slavery and involuntary servitude except as punishment for a crime.
What is the 13th Amendment?
Banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol.
What is the 18th Amendment?
Limited presidents to two elected terms.
What is the 22nd Amendment?
Established procedures for presidential succession and disability.
What is the 25th Amendment?
Limited free speech during wartime using the “clear and present danger” test.
What is Schenck v. United States (1919)?
Defined citizenship and required states to provide due process and equal protection.
What is the 14th Amendment?
Granted women the right to vote nationwide.
What is the 19th Amendment?
The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.
10
Lowered the voting age to 18 nationwide.
What is the 26th Amendment?
Guaranteed the right to an attorney for indigent defendants in felony cases.
What is Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)?
Prohibited denying the right to vote based on race, color, or previous servitude.
What is the 15th Amendment?
Expanded democratic participation by weakening the power of political elites.
What is the 17th Amendment?
In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.
Delayed congressional pay raises until after the next election.
What is the 27th Amendment?
Allowed federal courts to hear redistricting cases, establishing “one person, one vote.”
What is Baker v. Carr (1962)?