Kinematics
What is the difference between a scalar and a vector?
scalars - just have magnitude
vectors - have magnitude and direction
What are Newton's 3 laws?
1st- body in motion stays in motion, body at rest stays at rest, unless acted upon by an outside force.
2nd-F=ma
3rd-Action-Reaction
What are the laws of conservation of energy and momentum?
The total energy at the beginning and at the end are equivalent.
The momentum at the beginning and at the end are the same. We normally check this before and after a collision.
What is specific heat capacity?
The energy required to increase the temperature of a unit mass of the body by one Kelvin.
What is molar mass?
grams per mole of a substance
What does each letter in SUVAT stand for?
S-displacement U-initial velocity V-final velocity
A-acceleration T-time
What do we mean when something is in equilibrium?
The net force on the particle is zero. That is to say, the sum of all the forces is equal to zero.
What the equation for linear momentum?
p=mv
What is a black-body?
A perfect radiator and perfect absorber. Reflects no radiation.
What is a mole?
One mole is equivalent to the amount of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12
What is 'g'?
This is an acceleration caused by the attraction between the Earth and the body
What is the work done by an object moving in a circle?
0
What is work? What is the equation?
A constant force over some time.
W=Fscos
What is temperature?
Proportional to the average random KE of the molecules
What is avogadro's constant? How do we use it to find number of moles?
6.022x1023
n = N/NA
What launch angle gives you the largest range?
45 degrees
Given an inclined plane problem, what two things always cancel each other out?
Normal force and weight in the y-direction
Work performed within a certain time
P=W/t
N2O, H2O, CH4, CO2
They absorb infrared radiation from the earth and re-emit radiation in random directions. Some of these photons make it back down to Earth. Higher amount of gas means higher amount makes it back down to Earth.
What is pressure?
Based on the force of particles that hit the wall.
What is the difference between displacement and distance? Speed and velocity?
displacement - change in position
distance - length of path followed
average speed - total distance traveled/total time taken
average velocity – displacement/total time taken
What do each of the following variable represent? T, v, a, ω, r
T-Period (time taken for one revolution) v-linear speed
a-centripetal acceleration ω-angular speed r-radius
How is work related to kinetic energy?
Work is equivalent to the change in kinetic energy
What is the stefan-boltzmann law?
Power radiated is equivalent to σAT4
What are the assumptions of an Ideal gas?
1)Negligible particle volume 2)obey laws of mechanics 3)no forces between molecules (except collisions) 4)duration of collisions is negligible 5)collisions are elastic 6)molecules move randomly with range of speeds.