Atomic Structure and Reaction Rates
What is the electron configuration of a Magnesium ion?
2, 8
What are the products of an acid + base reaction?
Salt + water
Define mutation
A change in the base sequence of DNA
What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?
Homozygous has both alleles the same, heterozygous they are different alleles
What are the four factors that affect the rate of reaction?
Temp, pH, concentration, activation energy
How would you describe a solution that has a pH of 1?
Strong acid
What three things make up a nucleotide?
Base, sugar, phosphate
If two heterozygous parents have offspring, what will their genotype ratio be?
Sufficient kinetic energy/force, correct orientation
What colour will a solution with a pH of 5 have?
Yellow
Define phenotype
Observable characteristics
What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
Sexual- 2 parents, variation
Asexual- 1 parent, clone
What two atoms are needed for an ionic compound to form?
Cation and anion or metal and non-metal
Acid + Metal Hydroxide ==> ________ + __________
Metal salt + Water
Define genotype
Genetic makeup of an organism
What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis?
Meiosis occurs in the gametes and produces 4 daughter cells which have variation
Mitosis occurs in body cells and produces 2 daughter cells of which are identical to the parent cell
Why does Mg(OH)2 have two hydroxides, but KOH only has one?
Mg2+ and K+ - need to balance out the charges as OH-
Carbonate + Acid ===>
Salt + Carbon Dioxide + Water
If you developed a mutation due to being out in the sun for too long, what effect would this have on your offspring?
Nothing
Why is variation important?
Something for natural selection to work on, differing genetics should the environment change