110 Final part 2

Fluid/Electrolytes

100

Functions of body fluid

Maintain body temperature. maintain cellular regulation. transports nutrients, gases and wastes.

200

The goal of osmosis is

To equalize the fluid (water) and solute (particles) concentration on both sides of the semipermerable membrane

300

Acid is a hydrogen 

donor

400

Regulates calcium and phosphate balance by means of parathyroid hormone 

Parathyroid

500

Sensible losses are

urination, stool, vomiting, gastric drainage (NG tube), wound drainage

More fluid and electrolytes

100

A lack of both water and electrolytes causing a decrease in circulating blood volume

Hypovolemia = Isotonic dehydration

200

Severe dehydration can cause

hypovolemic shock, seizures, death

300

IV fluids are prescribed to

Correct fluid and electrolyte disturbances

400

This solution has the same osmolarity as plasma and does not cause fluid to move into or out of the cells

Isotonic

500

Signs of an air embolism

Dyspnea, chest pain, confusion, dizziness, tachycardia, hypotension, floss of consciousness

Acute and chronic pain

100

Type of pain caused by abnormal or damaged pain nerves. Usually intense shooting, burning or pins and needles

Neuropathic 

200

Localization of pain where tendons, ligaments, bones and nerves are affected

Somatic

300

Pain is

Whatever the patient says it is

400

Controlled class of pain medication that contains natural or synthetic form of morphine

Opioids

500

What medication is given to treat an acetaminophen overdose

aceylycysteine (Mucomyst)

Elimination & Cognition

100

Normal hourly urine output

0.5 ML / KG/ HOUR

200

Patients must complete a bowel prep prior to what diagnostic tests

Sigmoidoscopty. Colonoscopty. Barium studies

300

Disease that is progressive in nature, described in stages from no apparent symptoms to severe cognitive decline

Dementia

400

When an older adult becomes confused, restless and agitated after dark

Sundowning

500

Antidementia medication that can delay functional decline, help with moderate to severe dementia with side effects of HA, confusion, dizziness

memantine (Namenda). NMDA. Antidementia medication. (*Can be taken in combination of CEI;s to slow progression of dementia)

Anti- Infectives

100

Type of selectivity that is used to treat wide variety of infections

Broad spectrum

200

Adverse reactions of anti infectives

Kidney damage. GI toxicity. Hepatoxicity. Neurotoxicity. Hypersensitivity reactions. 

300

Strictest warning put in the labeling of prescription drugs or drug products by the FDA when there is reasonable evidence of an association of a serious hazard with the drug

Black box warning

400

Type of antibiotic that has a cross sensitivity to Penicillin

Cephalosporins (5 Generations)

500

This type of antibiotic requires drawing peaks 1 hour post infusion and troughs 30 minutes before infusion

Glycopeptides. vancomycin.