Macromolecules
Covalent bond between two amino acids.
Peptide bond
What functional group is this?
-OH
Hydroxyl
Polar
How many elements can oxygen bind with?
2
The clinging of one substance to another, such as water to plant cell walls by means of hydrogen bonds.
Adhesion
What are the differences between "dehydration synthesis" and "hydrolysis"?
Dehydration synthesis makes polymers; hydration breaks polymers.
Charge of proton? electron? neutron?
True or false: Water has a low heat of evaporation.
False
28
A measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid. Water has a high surface tension because of the hydrogen bonding of surface molecules.
Surface tension
What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
phosphate, pentose sugar, nitrogenous base.
The bonding capacity of a given atom; the number of covalent bonds that an atom can form, which usually equals the number of unpaired electrons in its outermost shell.
Valence
Two differences between DNA and RNA
1. Generally DNA is double stranded while RNA is generally single stranded.
2. DNA has deoxyribose pentose sugar while RNA has ribose pentose sugar.
3. DNA uses thymine (T) nitrogenous base while RNA uses uracil (U) nitrogenous base.
How many electrons does the magnesium ion (Mg2+) have if the atomic number is 12 and atomic mass is 24?
A solution that contains a weak acid and its corresponding salt base. This system minimizes changes in pH when acids or bases are added to the solution.
Buffer
Name the macromolecule formed as a result of the given monomers:
Glucose + fructose =
Sucrose
4 elements that make up 97% of living matter.
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
Chitin is to insects as cellulose is to ______.
Plants
What is the mass number of an element that has 11 protons, 10 neutrons, and 11 electrons?
21
One of two or more compounds that have the same molecular formula but differ in the covalent arrangements of their atoms.
Structural isomers
One difference between starch and cellulose
starch is made of alpha glucose and cellulose is made of beta glucose
Atoms that have multiple versions with more neutrons.
Isotopes
atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere
What is the pH of a solution that has a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.0001?
4
Name of the specific bonds that each macromolecule uses
carbohydrate-glycosidic linkages
lipid- ester
nucleic acid-phosphodiester
protein- peptide