11.22 Session

Genetics Vocab

100

What is the term for a phenotypic expression of one gene affecting the expression of another gene?

Epistasis

200

What is the term for a single phenotype being affected by 2 or more genes?

Polygenic inheritance

300

What is the term for a heterozygote who phenotypically expresses a characteristic encoded by one allele, but is carrying another form of the gene that is not expressed; a gene that can be passed on to offspring?

Carrier

400

In the X-0 system, what chromosome(s) codes for a female?

XX

500

In the haplo-diploid system, what chromosome(s) code for a male?

Haploid

Practice Exam Q's

100

What is the basis for the difference in how the leading and lagging strands of DNA molecules are synthesized?

a. the origins of replication occur only at the 5' end

b. helicases and single-strand binding proteins work at the 5' end

c. DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3' end

c. DNA polymerase can join new nucleotides only to the 3' end

200

Which of the following is true of a codon?

a. it never codes for the same amino acid as another codon

b. it can code for more than one amino acid

c. it can be either in DNA or RNA

c. it can be either in DNA or RNA

300

Which of the following is true of RNA processing?

a. exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus

b. nucleotides are added at both ends of the RNA

c. ribozymes may function in the addition of a 5' cap

b. nucleotides are added at both ends of the RNA

400

Which component is not directly involved in translation?

a. ribosomes

b. DNA

c. tRNA

b. DNA

500

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?

a. a deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene

b. a single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron

c. a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence

c. a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence

RNA Vocab

100

What type of RNA carries information from a “structural gene” from the DNA to the ribosome where it can be translated into a protein?

mRNA

200

What type of RNA is used to “read” the information in an mRNA and use that information to incorporate an appropriate amino acid into a growing polypeptide?

tRNA

300

What type of RNA is a structural component of the ribosome?

rRNA

400

In which process is RNA synthesized complementary to a template strand of DNA?

Transcription

500

In which process is a polypeptide synthesized with an amino acid sequence specified by the nucleotide sequence of mRNA?

Translation