Causes of European Exploration
What are cartographers?
Mapmakers
Who was Vasco da Gama, and why was he important?
Portuguese navigator who reached the spice port of Calicut on the west coast of India and opened India to European trade and conquest.
How did the Portuguese win over the princes in control of southern India?
They promised them protection from the Europeans
What does Qing mean?
Pure
What are conquistadors?
European conquerors
During what empire did Asia get connected and start trading with Europe?
The Mongolian Empire
He believed he was in the West Indies
What are outposts?
Distant areas under a power's control
How did the Ming dynasty end?
Ming dynasty was declining and revolts led to Manchu invaders to seize Beijing and make it their capital in 1644.
In 1521, in a brutal struggle, Cortés and his Native American allies captured and demolished Tenochtitlán.
Where was the main source of spices found?
The Moluccas or the Spice Islands
It set a Line of Demarcation, dividing the non-European world into two zones between Spain and Portugal. They had to stay in their zones but were allowed to explore anywhere within.
A policy of religious tolerance was ended, which led to old conflicts between Hindu and Muslim princes to reemerge. Civil war drained the Mughals’ resources. Rulers increased taxes, sparking peasant rebellions. Corruption increased, and the central government faded
Why did the Qing Limit Foreign Trade?
A few misunderstandings between the Chinese and Lord McCartney led to the Chinese feeling offended and limited foreign policy
What are encomiendas?
The Spanish monarchs gave the conquistadors the right to demand labor or tribute from the Native Americans,
What led people to want to explore more?
The Renaissance feeling of curiousity
How was the Western Hemisphere named?
An Italian sea captain named Amerigo Vespucci wrote a journal describing his voyage to Brazil. A cartographer named Martin Waldseemüller used Vespucci’s descriptions of his voyage to publish a map of the region, which he labeled “America.”
Why were the Philippines important for Spain?
They were a key link in Spain's overseas trading empire
How did the Manchus keep the peace when they took over the Chinese?
For each top government position, the Qing chose two people, one Manchu and one Chinese. Local government remained in the hands of the Chinese, but Manchu troops stationed across empire ensured loyalty.
laws that forbade enslavement and abuse of Native Americans
Europeans wanted to cut out the Muslim and Italian middlemen and gained direct access to Asia.
How was a path to the Pacific Ocean found?
Portuguese nobleman Ferdinand Magellan set out from Spain and entered a bay at the southern tip of South America. Here he found a passage that later became known as the Strait of Magellan that went through South America.
What was the name of the island Portugal took control of off the coast of India AND what did they use it for?
Goa, military base
Korea, because of all the invasions and disasters it had from both Japan and China.
Japan, because of the Tokugawa shoguns and their feeling of hostility towards the Europeans as threats and their influence, such as the spread of Christianity.
Name the four social classes of Spanish America and who they are
Peninsulares people born in Spain. Creoles, American-born descendants of Spanish settlers. Mestizos, people of Native American and European descent. Mulattoes, people of African and European descent.