Chapter 5
The growth of population through reproduction, as opposed to immigration. In the eighteenth century, 'this' accounted for about 3/4 of the American colonies' population growth.
What is natural increase?
A 1765 British law imposing a tax on all paper used for official documents, for the purposes of raising revenue. Was repealed in 1766 after widespread resistance.
What is the Stamp Act?
A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776 that laid out the case for independence. In it, Paine rejected monarchy, advocating for its replacement with republican government.
What is Common Sense?
A clause in the Constitution stipulating that all free persons plus "three-fifths of all other Persons" would constitute the numerical base for appointing representatives and taxation.
What is the three-fifths clause?
A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain, negotiated by John Jay. It secured limited trading rights in the West Indies but failed to ensure timely removal of British forces from western forts.
What is the Jay Treaty?
The name of Mr. Weiss' dog.
Why did the new nation ultimately form political parties?
- differing view points
- collective bargaining
- Splits between the leaders (Hamilton, Madison, Jefferson, Adams, etc.)
- political maneuvering tactics
A system of land inheritance in which land was divided equally among sons.
What is partible inheritance?
A 1764 British law that decreased the duty on French molasses, making it more attractive for shippers to obey the law, and at the same time praised penalties for smuggling.
What is the Sugar (Revenue) Act?
A document containing philosophical principles and a list of grievances that declared separation from Britain. Accepted by the Second Continental Congress on July 4, 1776.
If you get this wrong, you fail this class forever.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
The written document defining the structure of the government from 1781 to 1788. Under these, the Union was a grouping of equal states with no executive, and limited powers. It existed mainly to assure a common defense.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
The first ten amendments to the Constitution - officially ratified by 1791.
What is the Bill of Rights?
The contents of Mr. Weiss' license plate.
What is Fozze?
The name given to German immigrants by other colonists in the middle colonies. Based on an English corruption of a German term.
Who are the Pennsylvania Dutch?
Deutsch = Dutch
War between Britain and France that ended with British domination of North America; known in the U.S. as the French and Indian War. It's high monetary costs laid the groundwork for the American Revolution.
What is the Seven Years' War?
Colonists who remained loyal to Britain during the Revolutionary War, probably numbering around 1/5 of the population in 1776.
What are loyalists?
A social philosophy that embraced representative institutions (as opposed to monarchy), a citizenry attuned to civic values above private interests, and a virtuous community in which individuals work to promote the public good.
What is Republicanism?
A set of acts that extended the waiting period for citizenship and empowered the president to deport or imprison, without trial, any foreigner deemed a danger.
What are the Alien Acts?
The current U.S. Major League Soccer commissioner.
Who is Don Garber?
The crossing of the Atlantic by slave ships traveling from West Africa to the Americas. Slaves were crowded together in extremely unhealthy circumstances. Mortality rates were staggeringly high.
What is the Middle Passage?
An incident that took place in March of 1770 in which British soldiers fired on an American crowd, killing five. Some see this as the first violence of the American Revolution.
What is the Boston Massacre?
The army created in June of 1775 by the Second Continental Congress to oppose the British. George Washington was appointed commander in chief.
What is the Continental Army?
A land act of 1787 that established a three-stage process by which settled territories would become states.
What is the Northwest Ordinance?
A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe.
What is the XYZ affair?
How does Republicanism remedy the issues that the early United States faced?
- Allows for diversity of opinion
- Allows for discourse to achieve best options
- Ideally helps to solve wealth disparity issues
- Integrated checks to corruption and abuse of power
The oldest active ballpark in Major League Baseball.
What is Fenway Park?
A kind of indentured servant. In this system, a captain agreed to provide passage to Philadelphia, where these people would obtain money to pay for their transportation - usually selling themselves as a servant.
A coordinated uprising of Native American tribes in 1763 in the Northwest after the end of the Seven Years' War. The rebellion heightened Britain's determination to create a boundary between Americans and Natives.
What is Pontiac's Rebellion?
The treaty that ended the Revolutionary War. Acknowledged America's independence, set boundaries, promised quick withdrawal of British troops.
What is the Treaty (Peace) of Paris 1783?
A 1784 treaty with the Iroquois Confederacy that established the primacy of the American confederation. The confederacy were treated as virtual hostages.
What is the Treaty of Fort Stanwix?
This act criminalized conspiracy and criticism of government leaders.
What are the Sedition Acts?
Describe the 'dual'/multiple identity of the British North American colonies
- Distinctively colonial & British
- Mixtures of ethnicities and faiths
- Spanish and French colonists intermixed but did not establish dominance
The name of Quint's shark-hunting boat in Jaws.
What is The Orca?
New duties (established by the Revenue Act of 1767) on tea, glass, lead, paper, and painters' colors imported into the colonies. Led to boycotts and heightened tensions between Britain and the American colonies.
What were the Townshend duties?
The Legislative body that governed the United States from May 1775 through the duration of the American Revolution. It established an army, created its own money, and declared independence from Britain.
What is the Second Continental Congress?
A bogus threatened coup staged by Continental Army officers and leaders in the Continental Congress. They hoped that a forceful demand for military back pay and pensions would create pressure for stronger taxation powers.
What is the Newburgh Conspiracy?
The year Mr. Weiss started 6th grade.
What is 1999?
The agreement that ends the Seven Years' War.
What is the Treaty of Paris?
An uprising led by farmers in western Massachusetts. Dissidents protested taxation policies of the easter elites who controlled the states' government. Caused significant worry about the states' ability to hold the union together.
What is Shays' Rebellion?
What is the sum of the angles of a triangle?
What is 180 degrees?
Four British acts of 1774 meant to punish Massachusetts for the destruction of three shiploads of tea. Led to open rebellion in the northern colonies.
What were the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts?
The two opposing groups centered around the ratification of the Constitution. One group wanted to ratify, the other thought it made the government too strong.
Who are the Federalists and Anti-Federalists?
How many people make up the Electoral College?
What is 538?