Pre-WWII
What communist leader ruled the Soviet Union
Joseph Stalin
What is blitzkrieg?
Lightening war
What were the Nuremberg Trials?
Trials for war criminals after WWII
What did the Truman Doctrine aim to do?
Contain the spread of communism
What was McCarthyism?
The practice of accusing people of being communist without evidence
What was the significance of the first televised presidential debate in 1960?
It marked the beginning of televised debates
How was Vietnam divided?
Into North and South Vietnam
What was the outcome of Plessy v. Ferguson?
The Supreme Court ruled in favor of segregation
What was the 16th Street Church Bombing?
An attack on a church during the Civil Rights Movement
What was the Watergate Scandal?
A break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters and subsequent cover-up
What fascist leaders ruled Italy?
Benito Mussolini
What is island hopping?
A strategy to bypass heavily defended islands
What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
A document establishing human rights globally
What was the Marshall Plan?
A U.S. initiative to provide economic aid to Europe after WWII
What is a loyalty oath?
A promise to support one’s country and government
How did JFK win over African American voters in the 1960 election?
He called MLK JR’s wife to apologize for his arrest
What is the Vietcong?
Communist guerrilla fighters in South Vietnam
What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
A protest for equal bus seating in Alabama
What was the Selma-Montgomery March?
A march for voting rights that led to the Voting Rights Act of 1965
What was the Equal Rights Amendment?
A law ensuring equal rights for men and women
What is the policy of appeasement?
Giving in to some demands to avoid war
What is an amphibious landing?
A military assault by both land and sea forces
Why was the UN established?
To promote peace and prevent future violations of human rights
What was the Berlin Blockade?
A Soviet attempt to block Western access to Berlin
What was the Alger Hiss Case?
A case involving the alleged spying of a U.S. official for the Soviet Union
What was JFK’s military policy?
To increase U.S. military presence around the world
What is Vietnamization?
Gradually removing U.S. troops from Vietnam
What happened at Little Rock Central High School?
Nine black students were denied entry due to segregation
What was the outcome of Brown v. Board of Education?
The Supreme Court ruled that segregation in schools was unconstitutional
What is Title IX?
A law that protects against discrimination in education based on gender
How did America’s isolation policy change from the 1920s to the 1940s?
The U.S. joined the League of Nations
What was the Bataan Death March?
A forced march of American prisoners of war by Japanese forces
Under the genocide convention, what were countries required to do?
Prevent and punish acts of genocide
What is NATO?
An alliance formed to prevent the spread of communism
What style of music emerged during the 1950's?
Rock and roll
What was the Bay of Pigs Invasion?
A failed U.S. invasion of Cuba
What was Johnson's plan for the Vietnam War?
The U.S. would become more invovled
What were the Freedom Rides?
Bus rides across the South to challenge segregation
What was the Civil Rights Act of 1957?
It created the Civil Rights Commission to investigate discrimination
What was the conservative movement of the 1960s and 1970s?
A political movement advocating for limited government and traditional values
How did Germany break the Treaty of Versailles?
By remilitarizing Rhineland and invading Poland
What was the Holocaust?
A campaign of genocide by the Nazis against Jews and others
What was the Genocide Convention?
A global treaty to prevent genocide
What is the Domino Theory?
The idea that if one country falls to communism, others will follow
Briefly explain the Julius and Ethel Rosenberg trial
They were American citizens who were accused of being Soviet spies.
They were found guilty and executed
What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
A 13-day confrontation over Soviet missiles in Cuba
What was JFK's plan for the Vietnam War?
To send South Vietnam aid and military advisors
What was the March on Washington?
A rally for civil rights, where Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I Have a Dream" speech
What were poll taxes?
A fee charged to vote, often used to prevent African Americans from voting
How did conservatives view liberalism in the 1960s and 1970s?
They viewed it as promoting excessive government intervention