MODULE 5
Structure made of DNA and protein that carries genetic information.
Chromosome
A change in the DNA sequence
Mutation
Causes disease and includes bacteria, viruses and fungi
Pathogen
Name a lifestyle factor that contributes to cardiovascular disease
Poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking etc.
What is the sugar found in DNA?
Deoxyribose
What term describes the different forms of a gene?
Allele
What does PCR stand for?
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Name one chemical and physical barrier in the human body
Physical - skin, mucous membranes, tears, mucus
Chemical - salvia, tears, stomach
Maintenance of a stable internal enviornment
Homeostasis
Humans share about 98% of their DNA with which animal?
Chimpanzee
The process that results in the production of four genetically unique haploid cells
Meiosis
When a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted or deleted it is called a...
Point mutation
Which pathogen causes malaria?
Plasmodium (protozoan)
Which part of the brain regulates body temperature?
Hypothalamus
Which pathogen causes the flu?
Virus
Name the scientist who first proposed the laws of inheritance and the types of plants he experimented on
Gregor Mendel - Pea Plants
What are the three types of point mutations?
Silent, missense, nonsense
The minimum percentage of immune individuals needed for herd immunity
Threshold
Study of __________ identifies patterns, causes and effects of health and disease in populations
Epidemiology
What is down syndrome less commonly known as? And what does this mean?
3 copies of chromosome 21
Which phase of meiosis leads to independent assortment of chromosomes?
Metaphase I
What enzyme proofreads DNA? What is the resulting error rate after this?
DNA Polymerase - 1 in 100 million bases
Edward Jenner developed a vaccine against this viral disease. Name the disease and how the vaccine was developed.
Smallpox
Exposure to cowpox offered protection from smallpox
Pus from cowpox sores and exposed people to this for protection from smallpox
Autosomal recessive disorder results from a mutation in the CFTR gene, leads to thick mucus in the lungs and digestive tract.
Cystic fibrosis
Organelle that modifies, sorts and packages proteins for secretion and creates lysosomes.
Golgi body or golgi apparatus