Lab Techniques
This micropipette stop is used to draw up liquid
First Stop
This is the reporter molecule used in qPCR to quantify gene expression
Probe
This type of statement is a specific, directional outcome expected if the alternative hypothesis is true.
Prediction
This term describes the avoidance of novel objects or situations.
Neophobia
This value represents the probability that the pattern you observed in your data could have occurred purely due to random chance.
p-value
This pipette would be most accurate for measuring 65 µL
P100
This molecular tool amplifies a specific gene. It can be used to test for the presence of a gene
PCR
The statement below is an example of what hypothesis.
"predator density does not affect crawfish survival"
Null Hypothesis
Neophobia is typically scored using this measurement.
Latency to Feed (or approach)
A small p-value (e.g., p = 0.0003) suggests this about the observed difference.
Significant difference/ a difference that is unlikely due to random chance
On a P10, the display reads 0 7 5. This is the volume in microliters.
7.5 uL
This type of gene must be included in qPCR to normalize differences in RNA quantity/cell activity across samples.
Reference gene
This section gives enough detail about subjects, replicates, and analyses so that another scientist can reproduce the study.
Methods
This term describes the condition in a neophobia trial where birds receive a dish without any novel object.
Control or Control Trial
If a violin plot shows two groups with very little overlap in their distributions, you would expect this of your p-value.
a low p-value or significance
Touching surfaces with gloves and reusing pipette tips is a violation of what important set of laboratory practices.
Sterile Technique
A primer that is too short is likely to cause this problem during PCR.
non-specific binding
This section explains why the study matters outside the classroom and suggests future studies.
Discussion Section
If sparrow A approaches to feed at 120 seconds and sparrow B never approaches, this sparrow shows more neophobia. (assume both sparrows receive a novel object treatment)
Sparrow B
This statistical test quantifies the difference between 2 means
T-test
This is a way to keep gloves sterile and RNAse free during lab work
Spraying gloves with ethanol
Between PCR and qPCR, this is the technique the scientist should choose if they want to compare differences in gene expression.
qPCR
This section should NOT contain statements explaining why results happened.
Results Section
This type of behavioral question asks how a behavior works (rather than why)
Proximate
(mechanistic or ontogeny/development may be accepted)
You are comparing gene expression between two bird populations and find that your ANOVA gives p = 0.41. This is the correct decision regarding your null hypothesis.
fail to reject the null hypothesis