Module 8
Type of stress that is a combination of tension and compression
Bending
various items powered by hydraulic system include:
wheel brakes, landing gear, thrust reversers, cargo doors, and flaps
After the fuel-air mixture is pulled into the cylinder, it is _____
Compressed
What is thrust vectoring
Altering the direction of engine exhaust
The rudder. vertical stabilizer move the plane about its
vertical axis
Runs parallel along wing and provides structure and strength to withstand bending
Spar
Common hydraulic fluids used on commercial airliners
Skydrol and Hyjet
Oil provides _____ and ____
The ailerons move the plane about its
Longitudinal axis
Hydraulic systems generally run at a pressure range of
3000-5000psi
Winglets reduce ______ ______ which improves fuel efficiency, range, and increases lift
Wingtip vortices
Allows hydraulic fluid to only travel one direction in a hydraulic system
Check valve
A turbocharger compresses air coming into the engine to
sea - level pressure
Difference between pneumatics vs hydraulics
Pneumatics uses air while hydraulics uses fluid.
Common systems powered by bleed air
Air conditioning and anti-ice systems such as heated wings
Downside of monocoque aircraft design.
Once deformed, easily collapses under load
An actuator directs the flow of hydraulic fluid by...
by converting hydraulic pressure into mechanical action
This component absorbs and dampens the vertical loads encountered during touchdown and taxi operations.
Shock absorber
Some secondary flight controls are
flaps, slats, trim, spoilers
How is camber measured
Measured as the distance between the chord line and mean camber line
Create wingtip vortices to energize air and pull it into the boundary layer
Vortex generators
How is an accumulator different from a hydraulic reservoir
The reservoir releases excess air and gas, while the accumulator store compressed gas to release fluid during high demand
This gas is most commonly used to pre-charge a hydraulic accumulator
Nitrogen
Immune to (EMI) electromagnetic interference.
Some possible future trends in aviation could be:
* Morphing wings and active flow control
• Distributed propulsion and electric systems
• Quantum and optical control sensors under study