Learning
Which learning theory states we learn through observation?
Observational learning/Social learning theory
Which lobe is responsible for visual perception?
Occipital lobe
What kind of animal was used in Harlow's (1959) attachment study?
Monkey
We consolidate selected information into Long-term memory from where?
Short-term memory
Who was the founder of Classical Conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
Which learning theory includes reinforcement and punishment?
Operant conditioning
The first stage of visual perception
Reception
What were the two roles in the Stanford Prision experiment?
Prisoners and guards
How many items can be held in short-term memory?
5-9
Who presented the bystander effect?
Darley and Latane (1968)
Define positive reinforcement
Name 2 of Gestalt's principles
e.g. Proximity and similarity
What are the 3 stages of social identification theory?
What is the visuospatial sketchpad responsible for?
Visual and spatial information (e.g. classroom layout)
What concept did Milgram (1961) study?
Obedience
Before conditioning, what was the unconditioned response in Pavlov's (1897) study?
Salivation (e.g. at food)
Define ambiguous figures
Figures designed to have multiple distinct and equally likely interpretations
Define altruism
Helping others without consideration for one's self
Semantic memories
Explain how stimulus generalisation presented in Watson and Raynor's (1920) 'Little Abert' study
The conditioned fear response of the white rat generalised to similar stimuli e.g. rabbit
Explain an example of vicarious reinforcement
e.g. A student puts more effort into their writing after observing a peer receive praise for their work
Explain the Ponzo illusion
Uses pictorial depth cue of linear perspective to trick us into thinking the lines are different lengths
What are two contributing factors in anti-social behaviours?
Diffusion of responsibility and audience inhibition
What is the different between encoding and retrieval failure?
Encoding failure = not encoded to LTM. Retrieval failure = inability to recall information encoded in LTM
Name the 5 phases of Rollie and Duck's (2006) Relationship dissolution
Intrapsychic, dyadic, social, grave-dressing, resurrection