Microscopes & Centrifuges
How long are PCV tubes spun in a microhematocrit tube?
3-5 minutes
Which internal parasite can be contracted via cutaneous larval migrans?
Hookworms
What is the clinical term for ringworm_________ and it is caused by___________.
Dermatophytosis; fungus
Why do you use gram staining?
To differentiate between different types of bacteria
USG stands for and which instrument is used; what else does that instrument measure
Urine specific gravity; refractometer; Total protein
Ascarids are better known as :
Roundworms
What is the intermediate host for Dirofilaria immitis?
mosquito
what is the most commonly used anticoagulant
EDTA
What part of the microscope adjusts the size of the aperture to allows light to pass through the sample?
Iris diaphragm
What is the most common method of zoonotic transmission of rabies? (how and what bodily fluid)
Bite with transfer of saliva
Define jaundice and what color it results in
Destruction of RBCs which turns plasma/serum yellow in appearance.
If a urine culture and sensitivity is needed, the sample should be collected via:
cystocentesis
HCT is also known as : (abbreviation and what is stands for)
Hematocrit
Packed Cell Volume; PCV
The host that harbors the adult reproductive life stage of a parasite is referred to as the:
Definitive host
What are the most common infectious diseases of upper respiratory disease in cats? Name 2
Calicivirus, feline viral rhinotracheitis
Which blood tube is required to run a CBC?
Lavender
How do you properly place tubes in the centrifuge?
How is toxoplasmosis transmitted and what is definitive host?
Feces (fecal-oral route) and cats
What is a chemical or substance that triggers an immune response by the body?
Antigen
Which solution is used to prepare a direct fecal smear?
Saline
What is the main purpose of the laboratory log?
To track patient lab results if report is lost or misplaced
Ehrlichia, Anaplasma and Rickettsia are all examples of what?
Tick-transmitted disease
What is the definition of a pathogen?
A microorganism the causes disease
Which of the following is contained in a green top blood collection tube?
Lithium heparin anticoagulant
Objective magnification x eyepiece magnification
What bacterial disease can be contracted by humans through the urine of infected animals?
Leptospirosis
Define incubation period
The period of time from when an infectious disease is contracted to when symptoms begin to appear.
Spheres; rods
The prepatent period for diagnosing a heart worm infection via SNAP test is:
6 months
If you are treating a dog for dipylidium sp., what else should you be treating for? And what is dipylidium?
Fleas, tapeworms
What is the common name for a superficial skin infection caused by the fungus Microsporum Canis?
Ringworm
BUN, creatine, ALT, and glucose are all examples of:
Chemistry tests
When do you use the 100x oil immersion lens to view a sample under the microscope?
When viewing a dry sample that has been fixed to the slide and stained
What causes mange in animals and is it zoonotic?
Sarcoptes scabiei
Define virus.
A non-cellular, non-living pathogen
How do you store fecal and urine samples if you can not process immediately? (where and in what)
Refrigerate in air tight container
Most blood chemistry panels require what type of sample:
Serum or heparinized plasma
Tiny oval, white eggs are found to be attached to a dog's hair shaft. What parasite is likely?
Lice
Valley Fever is caused by a (bacteria, virus, prion or fungal infection)
Fungal
For venipuncture of the right lateral saphenous vein, how should patient be positioned?
Left lateral recumbency
How should urine be centrifuged?
5 minutes at 10, 000 RPM
Define myiasis
Infestation with larval flies (maggots).
Most chemistry analyzers in vet hospitals use the principles of ___________ to measure chemicals in the blood.
Spectrophotometry
What does USG stand for?
Urine Specific Gravity
The percentage of whole blood that is made up of cells
Name 4 ectoparasites and where do they live (inside or outside of the body)
1 Ticks
2. Fleas
3. Mites
4. Louse
What type of sample is needed to test for Lyme disease and what parasite transmit it:
Blood, tick
The Buffy coat in a centrifuged blood tube is the layer that consists of _______ and is located __________.
WBCs, platelets; between the RBCs and plasma layers
When viewed through a compound light microscope, an object appears _________- and __________.
Upside down and reversed.
What bacterial infection caused cat scratch fever/disease in humans?
Bartonella henselae
Assay is also known as :
Test
What temp should a urine sample be before using it on the dipstick test?
Most errors in the veterinary laboratory are caused by:
human error
What is the most common mange in dogs? What causes it?
Demodectic mange; Demodex spp.
Name the disorder (abbreviation and 3 words) in which the proteins that control blood clotting become abnormally active, producing clots that obstruct the blood vessels, cut off blood supply to various organs and time alter the functioning of these organs. The production of clots consume coagulation factors and platelets and leads to bleeding.
What do you do if a blood sample is icteric?
Note in the patients record.
Name the separated layers in a centrifuged hematocrit tube from top to bottom (4 layers)
Plasma, Buffy coat, RBCs,clay plug
What disease is spread from birds to humans and is caused by chlamydia psittaci; a respiratory disease that can progress into lung infection
Psittacosis
What is used to preserve tissue samples for histopathological examination? (name and concentration)
10% buffered formalin
Fecal flotation and urine sedimentation are both examples of _____________techniques.
Concentration
Cadavers submitted for necropsy should be ________ to protect integrity of organs and tissues.
Refrigerated
T or F: Parasites can live in the soil up to 10 years.
True
What single celled organism inhabits the small intestines and is shed in the feces; can cause GI symptoms such as diarrhea and weight loss.
Giardia
Name 4 tubes and give example of what they are used to collect
Red topped plain
Tiger top tube
EDTA/purple top tube
heparin tube