Unit 6.2 – DNA Structure & Replication
Jeopardy Clue: This nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA.
Question/Answer: What is thymine?
Jeopardy Clue: This enzyme synthesizes RNA using a DNA template.
Question/Answer: What is RNA polymerase?
Jeopardy Clue: This three-nucleotide sequence on mRNA codes for an amino acid.
Question/Answer: What is a codon?
Jeopardy Clue: This type of gene regulation occurs before transcription begins.
Question/Answer: What is transcriptional regulation?
Jeopardy Clue: This type of mutation changes one nucleotide but does not alter the amino acid sequence.
Question/Answer: What is a silent mutation?
Jeopardy Clue: This enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix during replication.
Question/Answer: What is helicase?
Jeopardy Clue: This region of DNA signals where transcription begins.
Question/Answer: What is the promoter?
Jeopardy Clue: This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome.
Question/Answer: What is tRNA?
Jeopardy Clue: In prokaryotes, this structure includes the promoter, operator, and structural genes.
Question/Answer: What is an operon?
Jeopardy Clue: A mutation that introduces a premature stop codon is called this.
Question/Answer: What is a nonsense mutation?
Jeopardy Clue: DNA replication is described as this type because each new molecule contains one original strand.
Question/Answer: What is semiconservative replication?
Jeopardy Clue: These segments are removed from pre-mRNA during RNA processing.
Question/Answer: What are introns?
Jeopardy Clue: This site on the ribosome holds the growing polypeptide chain.
Question/Answer: What is the P site?
Jeopardy Clue: This molecule binds to the operator to block transcription in a repressible operon.
Question/Answer: What is a repressor protein?
Jeopardy Clue: This type of mutation shifts the reading frame of a gene.
Question/Answer: What is a frameshift mutation?
Jeopardy Clue: These enzymes synthesize short RNA primers needed to begin DNA replication.
Question/Answer: What is primase?
Jeopardy Clue: This modification is added to the 5′ end of mRNA to protect it from degradation.
Question/Answer: What is a 5′ cap?
Jeopardy Clue: This codon signals the start of translation.
Question/Answer: What is AUG?
Jeopardy Clue: This epigenetic modification tightens DNA around histones, reducing gene expression.
Question/Answer: What is histone methylation?
(acetylation removal / deacetylation is also commonly accepted depending on phrasing)
Jeopardy Clue: These mutations are caused by environmental factors such as UV radiation or chemicals.
Question/Answer: What are induced mutations?
Jeopardy Clue: This strand of DNA is synthesized discontinuously, forming Okazaki fragments.
Question/Answer: What is the lagging strand?
Jeopardy Clue: This process allows a single gene to produce multiple protein products.
Question/Answer: What is alternative splicing?
Jeopardy Clue: This cellular structure is composed of rRNA and proteins and is the site of translation.
Question/Answer: What is the ribosome?
Jeopardy Clue: This regulatory system in bacteria is active only when the substrate is present.
Question/Answer: What is an inducible operon (such as the lac operon)?
Jeopardy Clue: Changes in gene expression without altering DNA sequence are referred to as this.
Question/Answer: What is epigenetic regulation (or epigenetics)?