People
Came to Muhammad in a vision
Angel Gabriel
Benedictine monk, a poet and scholar, wrote about Charlemagne
Notker the Stammerer
People who die for religious beliefs
Martyrs
Battle between Constantine and Maxentius, Constantine saw a vision of a cross in the sky, ordered his troops to put it on their shields, Maxentius drowns in the Tiber river
Made any religion legal to practice inside the Roman Empire
Edict of Milan
Gave permission for the Greek Fire, introduced Iconoclasm, launched a campaign to destroy all images
Emperor Leo III
made a Royal school
Alcuin of York
The literal words of Allah, all Muslims follow it
Koran
Visigoths defeated the Romans, Valens dies, Fritigern wins
Battle of Adrianople
Was made to summarize Arianistic beliefs; Jesus is God and the role of the Holy Spirit
The Nicene Creed
Worked for the Caliphate, a monk in Jerusalem, opposed the Iconoclastic laws, hand was cut off, prayed, and his hand grew back silver
John of Damascene
Charlemagne's son, crowned King of Aquitaine as a child, inherited the entire Holy Roman Empire, submitted for penance
Louis the Pious
Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina
Hijrah
Battle between Charles Martel and Odo the Great, Charles held back until Odo promised to submit, they both halted the advance of the Umayyad Caliphate
Battle of Tours
When the Holy Roman Empire dissolves
Treaty of Verdun
Studied at the Monastery of Fulda, worked as an architect
Einhard
Disobeyed knightly code
Sir Gawain
A standardized form of handwriting
Carolingian Miniscule
Hagia Sophia
When Louis' sons, Charles the Bald and Louis, teamed up against their brother Lothar I, said that they would never help him
Oaths of Stratsbourg
Crowned Charlemagne "Holy Roman Emperor"
Pope Leo III
Most intelligent and well-read Christain Scholar of his time, he wrote the 1st official Latin Bible; the Vulgate
Jerome
A ruler of a Monastery
Abbot
Judaism, Christianity, and Paganism influened them, had 3 holy writings, Jews and Christians were tolerated here, but they had to pay special taxes
Islam
The capital of the Umayyad Caliphate
Damascus