Empires
The names of the four Gunpowder Empires are
Russia, Safavi, Ottoman, Mughal
Extra: A Gunpowder Empire is a large state which relies on firearms to control the territory that they have, and, or to expand.
Three motivations for European exploration is
God Gold and Glory
These three systems were used by the Spanish as coerced labor named
Hacienda, Encomienda, and the Mit'a system
Extra:
Encomienda system: would be where nobles gave protection and Christian education to the natives in return for tribute(most likely came in the form of labor).
Mit'a system: compelled certain people to work on public projects for a given number of days per year.
Hacienda system: Spanish nobles had land under their control granted by the government and these nobles could lease this to the lower class in which when they started working they never stopped due to low wages and debt.
Ismail made Islam the official religion of his empire known as
Safavid Empire
Extra: Shia Islam was the official religion that united the Empire. Yet it also denied legitimacy to other members of the Islam branch arising conflict with the Ottomans who just happened to be Sunni.
True or False
Tamerlan was heavily reliant on his military
True
Extra: This was a benefit as it stabilized and protected the coming and leaving merchants on the Silk Roads, and a disadvantage as it was the downfall of the economy.
The first to establish a trading post empire in East Africa is
The Portuguese
Extra: As the Portuguese set up ports along the African coast they became rich by controlling trade. These trading posts were established by communication/cooperation with local African leaders.
Christopher Columbus was in search of spices and resources from
India
Extra: This was in 1492, but not only was he in search of India but also Japan, and China as he could bring the riches of both spices and silk.
After the fall of the Tamra Lanes Empire these three empires rose
Ottoman, Mughal, Safavid
Extra: The Tamra Lanes Empire collapsed due to Tamerlan's inability to maintain the economy.
Open to European influence at first then closing itself off as there was a growing Christian influence in their people was
Japan
Extra: They also closed off trade with Europeans alongside attempting to remove European influence and foreign religion.
The two groups settling their differences in the Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
Spain and Portugal
Extra: These two fought over who would control the new empires in the Americas but it was decided with the treaty.
Babur founded this empire in 1520 named
The Mughal Empire
Extra: This empire was founded during the unorganization of India. Babur is a descendant of Tamburlaine.
Cambay and Calicut had a significant role in this trade route called the
Indian Ocean
Extra: They had a significant role because of the Mughal Empire and the kingdom of Travancore respectively.
Indian History from 1200-1750 is generally understood as
The Muslim of Islamic period
Extra: This was due to the publishing of J.S Mill's history of British India in the early 19th century.
A large group of these people migrated to the Americas
Europeans
Extra: This includes puritans persecuted in Great Britain. Puritans believe that god has selected a few people for salvation known as the "elect".
Freedom to petition the King, and protections from cruel and unusual punishment was included in
Hint: This was passed by the Parliament
The English Bill of Rights
Extra: This was signed in 1689 as power was no longer going unchecked such as injustice cruelty.
Expanding by seizing the crown Jewel of Byzantine Christianity Constantinople is the
Ottoman Empire
Extra: Seizing the Crown Jewel of Byzantine Christianity Constantinople in 1453 was no small thing (as Constantinople had three layers of walls).
The columbian exchange brought forth these three things
New diseases, crops, and people
Extra: Many Indigenous people died from the introduction of new diseases they have yet to come in contact with.
The Treaty of Tordesillas(1494) gave all the land of a particular meridian line in the East to
Portugal
Extra: Spain who signed the treaty as well gained all the land West of the meridian line.
This person did something about the sale of indulgences and simony as he was displeased with it their name is
Martin Luther
Extra: The Church became corrupt as these were its two main abuses known as selling absolution of sins and simony at the sale of church offices and Martin Luther spoke out about it. As in Ch1 it said salvation was guaranteed to the believer by faith alone.
A group of government officials that carry out the will of whoever is in power is called a
Bureaucracy
Extra: Kings caused Bureaucracy to expand by gathering decentralized power and centralizing it in themselves. They did this by exercising control over taxation, the armed forces, and the religion of their state.
This empire had a system called Devshirme
Ottoman Empire
Extra: The Devshirme system was where the Ottoman Sultans took in slaves, and people from tribute states of their empire and make them serve as military or turn into administrators of the Empire.
During 15th and the 16th century these two were the premier ports of the subrotinent's Oceanic trade
Cambay in Gujarat and Calicut on the Malabar Coast
Extra: These two locations had Muslim merchants to dominate the maritime trade by the 14th century.
During the Columbian exchange many Indigenous people died from European diseases causing the migration of _____ to work in sugar plantations
Africans
Akbar created a group which taxed his territories and carried out his will known as
Zamindars
Extra: Zamindars could have previously followed other religions but were converted to Muslim under the Mughal Empire.
This system of labor is meant to compel certain people to work on public projects for a given number of days per year this system is called
The Mit'a system
Extra: This system was made by the Incas yet borrowed by the Spanish as coerced labor to expand their empires.