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Define drugs that effect various types of receptors alpha & beta
Nonselective drugs
Which receptor decreases gi tone and motility, and causes bronchodilation and is located in mostly smooth muscles or the lungs (also in gi tract, liver & uterus)
Beta 2 receptors
What is the primary neurotransmitter in the Parasympathetic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
Define use for atropin and its side effects
Action= increase heart rate and pupil dilation
Side effects= dry mouth, headache, blurred vision, altered mental status. urinary retention, photophobia
Which receptor increases vasoconstriction, dilates pupil, and increases blood pressure?
Alpha 1
Describe the action of epinephrine, its uses, side effects & drug interactions
Action:Increases vasoconstriction, Bp, Heart rate, & cardiac output
Uses- anaphylaxis, anaphylactic shock, bronchospasm, cardiac arrest, status asthmatous, cariogenic shock
Side effects/AR-palpitations, hypertension, restlessness, hyperglycemia, oliguria
Drug interactions- beta blockers= decrease epinephrine action. Digoxin=dysrhythmias
Define body's primary nervous system
CNS- Central Nervous System
Describe the effects of cholinergic agonists?
Cause decreased heart rate, bp & vasodilation
increase gi tone
contract the bladder & stimulate urination
understand symptoms of anticholinergic toxicity
vision loss, neurotoxicity, urinary retention flushed red skin, hot
Describe side effects of adrenergic agonists at ALPHA receptors?
Vasoconstriction increases blood pressure, vasodilation, & decreased bp
RED:
1. (Reuptake) back in the neuron
2. (Enzymatic) transformation or degradation
broken down by enzyme
3. (Diffusion) away from the receptor
PNS- Peripheral nervous system
Understand the difference b/w direct & indirect acting cholinergic agonists
Direct = Metoclopramide; enhances gastric motility.
used for gastroparesis( paralyzed gi system)
Bethanecol chloride- used to increase urination
Describe side effects of anticholinergics
increase. hr, bronchodilation, decrease gi motility & peristalsis, decrease salvation
Compare and contrast alpha adrenergic blockers with beta adrenergic blockers
Alpha- block effects of adrenergic neurotransmitter
Selective- block alpha 1
non selective- block alpha 1 & 2
Beta= selective and nonselective
Which receptor Increases cardiac contractility and is located primarily in the heart (also in the kidneys)?
Beta 1
Drugs that effect various SITES of a specific receptors such as alpha OR beta, not alpha AND beta.
Nonspecific drugs
Understand the difference b/w reversible and irreversible cholinesterase inhibitors
Reversible drugs bing to cholinesterase for minutes to several hours
Irreversible drugs bind to it permanently
name the two receptors associated with parasympathetic nervous system
Muscarinic or nicotinic
Describe side effects of adrenergic agonists at BETA receptors?
B1- Increases cardiac contractility
B2- bronchodilation and increases blood glucose
____ system is voluntary and innervates skeletal muscles
Somatic nervous system
_____ system is involuntary, such as breathing, hearting beating and peristalsis
ANS- Autonomic nervous system
Understand symptoms of Cholinergic toxicity
S=SALIVATION
L=LACRIMATION
U=URINE INCONTINENCE
D=DIARRHEA
G=GI CRAMPS
E=EMESIS
Sympathetic nervous system
Which receptor promotes vasodilation and decreased blood pressure
Alpha 2