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100
One of the reasons to study psychology is to a. understand ourselves and others better. b. learn how to manipulate others for personal gain. c. utilize it in combination with the field of astrology in predicting human behavior. d. have the answers to all of life's questions.
a. understand ourselves and others better
100
A systematic process for answering scientific questions is called a. a research method. b. a scientific deduction. c. the induction method. d. the analytical method.
a. a research method.
100
Information gained from direct observation and measurement defines a. introspective data. b. subjective data. c. a scientific hypothesis. d. empirical evidence.
d. empirical evidence.
100
Which goal of psychology involves naming or classifying behaviors and is based on making a detailed record of scientific observations? a. describe b. understand c. predict d. control
a. describe
100
John's poor performance in reading was found to be due to visual discrimination problems. This determination of the cause for his poor reading performance illustrates which goal of psychology? a. description b. prediction c. understanding d. control
c. understanding
200
Developmental psychology is the study of a. the language, personality, and emotions of children and adolescents. b. the stages of life and the important tasks of each. c. progressive changes in behavior and abilities from conception to death. d. the role of maturation in the unfolding of human potential.
c. progressive changes in behavior and abilities from conception to death.
200
Any false and unscientific system of beliefs and practices that is offered as an explanation of behavior is called a. psychoanalysis. b. pseudopsychology. c. social learning. d. humanism.
b. pseudopsychology.
200
Empirical evidence is collected by______. a. making inferences b. gathering qualitative and quantitative data through direct observation c. interviewing experts in the field d. conducting controlled laboratory experiments
b. gathering qualitative and quantitative data through direct observation
200
When current knowledge about an individual and his or her environment can be used to accurately forecast behavior at another time or in another setting, the scientific goal of __________ has been achieved. a. description b. understanding c. prediction d. control
c. prediction
200
In her psychology classes, Dr. Murphey uses problem-based learning cases in order to enhance her students' abilities to actively reflect, analyze, and evaluate information about real-life cases involving troubled marriages and caring for elderly parents. Dr. Murphey is attempting to increase her students’ a. transductive reasoning skills. b. commonsense reasoning. c. correlational skills. d. critical thinking skills.
d. critical thinking skills.
300
Overt behavior includes a. anything a person does. b. things a person does which cannot be seen by others. c. only those things that can be observed. d. hidden, private, internal thoughts.
c. only those things that can be observed.
300
True or False: An altered state of consciousness (ASC) is defined as normal, clear alert awareness
Answer: FALSE
300
For most psychologists, control refers to a. punishment of unwanted responses. b. legal limitations on the use of conditioning principles. c. techniques for reducing personal freedom of choice. d. altering conditions that influence behavior.
d. altering conditions that influence behavior.
300
Critical thinking involves a. using conventional wisdom and common sense. b. a reliance on the opinions of experts. c. a willingness to actively reflect on ideas. d. all of these.
c. a willingness to actively reflect on ideas.
300
Covert behavior involves a. anything a person does. b. only those things a person does which another person can see. c. only those things which can be recorded by a camera. d. hidden, private, internal thoughts.
d. hidden, private, internal thoughts.
400
Psychologists who study human thinking and information processing abilities are referred to as ______. a. clinical psychologists b. educational psychologists c. cognitive psychologists d. developmental psychologists
Answer: c. cognitive psychologists
400
True or False: Temporary insomnia is a brief period of sleeplessness caused by worry, stress, and excitement
Answer: TRUE
400
True or False: Consciousness is defined as your sensations and perceptions of external events and your self-awareness of mental events including thoughts, memories, and feelings about your experiences and yourself
Answer: TRUE
400
The word psychology comes from the roots psyche and logos, which mean respectively a. behavior and science. b. brain and science. c. mind and knowledge or study. d. personality and knowledge or study.
c. mind and knowledge or study.
400
True or False: Short sleepers sleep for 10 hours or more
Answer: FALSE
500
Critical thinking includes which of the following questions? a. What authority is making the claim? b. What test of this claim has been made? c. Are the tests based on a long-accepted "truth"? d. How can this event be explained by using one’s commonsense reasoning?
b. What test of this claim has been made?
500
Psychology’s history as a science began_____. a. in Austria, when Sigmund Freud published his studies on psychoanalysis in 1895. b. in America, when William James published the book, Principles of Psychology in 1890. c. in Germany, when Wilhelm Wundt set up the first psychological laboratory in 1879. d. in Russia, when Ivan Pavlov published his research on conditioning in 1906.
c. in Germany, when Wilhelm Wundt set up the first psychological laboratory in 1879.
500
According to your psychology textbook, which of the following activities would be considered "behavior"? a. A student feels sad because of her grade. b. A student daydreams in class. c. A teacher writes an assignment on the board. d. All of these would be considered behaviors.
d. All of these would be considered behaviors.
500
All psychologists do which of the following? a. They all conduct research to discover new knowledge. b. They all apply psychology to solve problems in mental health, education, medicine, or business. c. They are all teachers who pass on knowledge of psychology to their students. d. They all rely on critical thinking and information gained from scientific research.
d. They all rely on critical thinking and information gained from scientific research.
500
Psychology is best defined as the a. empirical study of the human personality. b. study of individual differences in the group behavior of humans and animals. c. scientific study of behavior and mental processes. d. scientific study of the relationship between mind and body.
c. scientific study of behavior and mental processes.