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Early Atomic Thinkers

100

This man came up with the theory that everything is composed of small individual particles that can't be further divided (atoms cannot be cut). 

Democritus and his theory of he atom

200

This man came up with the four-element theory, and he was also believed to be correct rather than Democritus. 

Aristotle

300

This scientist was French, and he burned substances in Oxygen and would weigh them. He also came up with the "Law of Conservation of Matter". 

Antoine Lavoisier

400

This scientist was also French and realized that no matter the starting mass, the proportion of the elements remains the same (a.k.a "Law of Definite Proportions")

Joseph Proust

500

Includes his famous 5 Postulates

John Dalton's Atomic Theory

Discovery of Subatomic Particles

100

This man realized that when using a Cathode ray that the magnetic field would cause the ray to bend, but there was no charge recorded. This showed that the negative charge was inseparable from the ray itself. 

Joseph J. Thomson and his cathode ray experiment

200

This model suggested that an atom is a sphere of uniform positive charge with negatively charged electrons embedded in it, much like plums or raisins in a pudding. 

Plum Pudding Model

300

This Scientist conducted an experiment that started to prove that there is a nucleus in all atoms. A beam was fired at an extremely thin sheet of gold foil. Most of the particles did pass through as predicted; a small number of them were deflected at large angles.

Ernest Rutherford and his Gold Foil Experiment

400

This is the total number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Atomic Number

500

These are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons. 

Isotopes

Atomic Models and Quantum Beginnings

100

The atomic model in which electrons orbit a central nucleus, just like planets orbit around the sun. 

Planetary Model

200

This man proposed a model of the atoms that was a major improvement on Rutherford's earlier nuclear model. This was mostly known as "Borh Models". 

Niels Bohr

300

Famous for the Pauli exclusion principle. This states that no two electrons within the same atom can be in the exact quantum state at the same time. 

Wolfgang Pauli

400

This man published a wave equation, which provides a way to calculate the wave function of a quantum system. 

Erwin Schrodinger 

500

Proposed a groundbreaking theory of quantum mechanics based entirely on observable quantities. 

Werner Heisenberg

Modern Physics and Atomic Applications

100

This man was an English physicist and chemist who is considered one of the most influential scientists in history. The most famous discovery was that a changing magnetic field can induce an electric current in a wire.

Michael Faraday

200

This man was an American experimental physicist who was most famous for inventing the oil drop experiment. This measured the elementary charge of a single electron.

Robert Millikan

300

This man was a German theoretical physicist who is widely regarded as the founder of quantum theory and a key figure in 20th-century physics. He also paved the way for the contributions of Albert Einstein. 

Max Planck

400

This woman was a physicist and chemist who paved the way for research on radioactivity and discovered two new elements, polonium and radium. 

Marie Curie

500

This was a top-secret American-led research and development program during World War II that produced the first atomic bombs. The man behind this was the theoretical physicist who served as the director of the project's main laboratory and is widely known as the "father of the atomic bomb".

The Manhattan Project/Robert Oppenheimer