Heart Anatomy
What is the double-layered sac that surrounds, anchors, and protects the heart?
Pericardium
What do valves do?
Prevent backflow / ensure one-way blood flow
In the the systemic circuit:
Veins carry (deoxygentated, oxygenated) blood (toward, away from) the heart.
Arteries carry (deoxygentated, oxygenated) blood (toward, away from) the heart.
Veins carry deoxygentated blood towards the heart.
Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Where does nutrient exchange take place?
arteries, veins, or capillaries
capillaries (capillary=singular)
The two numbers in a blood pressure measurement are the _____ and _____ pressures.
cardiac skeleton
Name the two semilunar valves.
Aortic semilunar valve and pulmonary semilunar valve
Which vessel has the thickest walls?
veins, arteries, or capillaries
arteries
The brachiocephalic artery, left carotid artery, and left subclavian artery all branch off of the ______ artery.
aortic
What happens to blood vessels and blood pressure if you increase vasomotor tone?
What do coronary arteries and cardiac veins do?
Arteries supply blood to the heart muscle, veins drain the heart muscle.
Which of the following does NOT contain valves:
the heart, lymphatic vessels, capillaries, veins
capillaries
Tunica intima, tunica media, tunica adventitia
The brachiocephalic artery branches into which two arteries?
Right carotid and right subclavian arteries
What receptors are activated by stretching of the arteries and adjust to maintain normal blood pressure?
Baroreceptors
Name the 2 circulations and the locations that they supply and drain.
Systemic circulation - everywhere else
Between which two structures is the tricuspid valve located?
Right atrium and right ventricle
Starting at the aorta, list the following vessels in the order that blood would flow through them:
venules, arteries, veins, capillaries, arterioles
arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins
Where does the hepatic portal vein transport blood?
To the liver
Arteriosclerosis makes arteries less _____
elastic
Cardiac action potentials are longer than skeletal muscle action potentials due to the ______ phase of the action potential.
plateau
Between what two structures is the pulmonary valve located?
Right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
Precapillary sphincters
Exchange across capillary walls happens via what process?
Diffusion
What is heart rate? What is stroke volume?
Heart rate is the number of beats per minute. Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped out of a ventricle per heartbeat.