Membrane Transport
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Active transport requires energy, usually in the form of ATP. Passive transport does not require energy.
Where are ribosomes produced?
In the nucleoli (singular: nucleolus)
What is transcription?
The synthesis of RNA molecules from DNA template molecules.
What are the three types of muscle?
Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
What type of cartilage is the most flexible?
Elastic
Diffusion is the movement of (solute or solvent) molecules from an area of (low or high) concentration to an area of (low or high) concentration.
Solute; high; low
This organelle has an inner membrane with numerous folds called cristae.
Mitochondria
What is translation?
The synthesis of proteins from RNA template molecules
What is the name of epithelial tissue made of a single layer of cells that are taller than they are wide?
Simple columnar
What connective tissue is comprised of osteocytes located in lacunae and surrounded by a mineralized matrix?
Bone
The sodium-potassium pump moves molecules ______ their concentration gradient.
Against
What organelle collects, modifies, packages, and distributes proteins and lipids?
What organic base in present in DNA but not in RNA?
Thymine (uracil in RNA)
What muscle cells can be found in the skin and eyes?
Smooth
What are the three parts of a neuron?
The cell body, dendrites, and axon
Phagocytosis is cell ______ and pinocytosis is cell ______.
What feature projects from the surface of certain cells and moves substances over the top of cells?
What two major phases make up the cell cycle?
Interphase and mitosis
What epithelial cells make up the urinary bladder and why are they beneficial in that location?
Transitional epithelium; they can stretch as the bladder increases in size.
Areolar, adipose, and reticular are types of what?
Loose connective tissue
What will happen to a cell placed in a hypotonic solution?
The cell will swell/lyse
List the following cytoskeletal structures from thinnest to thickest.
Intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules
Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, microtubules
In order, what are the phases of mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What are the two types of stratified squamous epithelium?
Keratinized (for dry areas) and nonkeratinized (for damp/wet areas)
What is the difference between dense regular and dense irregular connective tissue?
The orientation of the collagen fibers. Same direction: regular. Multiple directions: irregular.