Digestive System Functions
Breaking down large organic molecules into smaller, absorbable molecules is the process of
digestion.
Goblet cells of the digestive system are responsible for secreting what substance?
Mucus
Which of the following is NOT a GI-associated organ?
Liver, gallbladder, esophagus, pancreas
Esophagus
The total of all chemical reactions occurring within the body is known as
metabolism
Name 4 of the 6 nutrient classes discussed.
What organ is the major absorptive organ of the digestive system?
small intestines
Place the structures of the GI tract in the order that food passes through them:
large intestine, pharynx, esophagus, oral cavity, small intestine, stomach
oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
What chemical is produced by the liver and neutralizes/dilutes stomach acid?
Bile
basal metabolic rate.
What nutrient provides long-term energy storage?
Lipids (fats)
Undigested material exits the body as feces during what process?
elimination
Wave-like contractions that propel food through the GI tract are called
peristaltic contractions (peristalsis).
Salivary amylase, found in saliva, is used to break down what macromolecule?
Carbohydrates
A protein that contains all nine essential amino acids in the needed proportions is known as a ________ protein.
Vitamins are (organic or inorganic) molecules. Minerals are (organic or inorganic) molecules.
Vitamins are organic molecules. Minerals are inorganic molecules.
Churning is a mixing movement associated with which GI organ?
stomach
The small and large intestines are joined by what structure?
The ileocecal sphincter/valve
Mastication is completed by what GI-associated structures?
Teeth
During (anabolic or catabolic) reactions, large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules and energy is released.
catabolic
Nutrients that must be ingested because the body can't manufacture them, or can't manufacture them in adequate amounts.
propulsion.
Place the tunics (layers) of the GI tract wall in order from DEEPEST to most SUPERFICIAL.
Muscularis, Submucosa, Adventitia/Serosa, Mucosa
Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis, Adventitia/Serosa
Which (3) of the following pancreatic secretions help digest PROTEIN?
pancreatic amylase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, lipase, carboxypeptidase, nuclease
trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase
Glycogen from the liver is broken down into glucose to maintain blood glucose levels during the ____________ state.
Postabsorptive
Carbohydrates must be broken down into monomers known as ________ for absorption to occur.
monosaccharides