The balance organs
What is RALP and LARP?
Right anterior, left posterior
Left anterior, right posterior
What is VCR?
Vestibulocolic reflex
- The stabilization of the head via neck muscles
What is oscillopsia?
Where objects seem to jump or jiggle even if the patient is still
What does BPPV stand for?
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
What is considered an abnormal result for Fukuda testing?
1) Backward movement
2) Movement beyond 45 degrees from the starting phase
3) Swaying, staggering or falling
Which balance organ is oriented TOWARD the striola?
Utricle
What is VSR?
Vestibulospinal Reflex
Keeps the body upright -- maintain posture and center of mass
What is the MLF?
The Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus
Links the vestibular nuclei to the cranial nerves 3, 4, and 6
What is believed to be the cause of BPPV?
Otoconia migrate from the utricle to the SCCs
For smooth pursuit, when do abilities begin to decline?
At the age of 30
What does the posterior vestibular artery innervate?
What test do we use to ensure that the VOR is functional?
Slow VOR bedside testing
For eye movements, what is the difference between vestibular movement holding and optokinetics?
Optokinetics holds an image through continuous movement
Vestibular movement holding holds the image during brief movements
What is the difference between labyrinthitis and vestibular neuritis?
Labyrinthitis affects hearing whereas vestibular neuritis does not
What chart do you use when testing for the DVA?
The Snellen chart
Draw the afferent and efferent pathways for the superior vestibular nerve (SVN)
Draw on the board
True or false: Stroke is considered a vestibular cause of dizziness
False
What muscles does cranial nerve VI (6) innervate? With respect to the eyes
Lateral rectus (responsible for abduction)
What are the four main symptoms for Meniere's Disease?
3) Aural Fullness
4) Hearing loss (intermittant)What is the name of the stance used in GANS? Hint: Where one leg is a step forward from the other
Tandem stance
What is the difference between Ewald's Law 2 and Ewald's Law 3?
EL2: utricopetal movement > neural activity than utricofugal movement
EL3: The opposite of EL2
What is Tullios phenomenon?
Vertigo induced by loud noise
Which cranial nerve innervates the most eye muscles?
Define Vestibular migraine
Vestibular migraine --> misfiring of nerves in the brain, neurological disorder, often inherited
What is considered a mild handicap in the DHI? (Dizziness Handicap Inventory)
16-34 points