Herpes virus tends to cause either genital lesions or what other lesions?
Cold sores
What country has the most worldwide cases of the plague yearly?
Madagascar
What is happening to death rates from COPD and what is the main driver of that?
Decreasing because rates of smoking are decreasing
What does COPD stand for and what are the 2 main types?
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema
What is the leading preventable cause of death in the US?
Smoking
Which STD is also called "The Clap?"
Gonorrhea
Where in the US is plague typically seen and what is the treatment?
Southwestern US (carried by fleas on prairie dogs and squirrels), Antibiotics
What "fancy" new treatment did we develop for ARDS during COVID that can be performed anywhere?
Flip the person on their belly--more aveoli posteriorly so hopefully gravity helps them open
What causes clubbing?
Chronically low oxygen levels
What group of people is most at risk when infected with Zika?
Pregnant Women
What is the most common bacterial STD in the US?
Chlamydia
What type of infection is Naegleria fowleri and is it contagious?
Parasite, not contagious
What 3 main things happen in asthma?
Hypersensitive airway, bronchospasm, increased mucus
Approximately ---% of people who smoke will develop COPD?
20%
Approximately what percentage of people infected with polio virus have no symptoms?
70%
What is the dreaded complication of 2 common bacterial STDs that can lead to infertility?
PID, Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
What population is most likely to be infected by the brain eating amoeba?
Boys under age 14 (we think because they roll around in the dirt in the shallow water)
When you go from the trachea to the 2 main bronchi what is that "fork" called?
The carina
What happens in emphysema?
Chemicals from smoke deposit on aveoli, which are tissue paper thin--they rip, create holes in lungs
Kids exposed to farm animals in the first year of life are --% less likely to develop asthma by age 6?
52%
Undiagnosed STDs cause approximately how many women to become infertile in the US each year? (Within 5000)
24,000
30
Explain what happens physiologically to cause ARDS.
Insult causes histamine/seratonin release which opens spaces between aveolar membranes--aveoli start to fill with fluid, eventually overwhelm them and they can't do gas exchange
What 3 main things happen in chronic bronchitis?
Irritants from smoke cause increased mucus. Lungs can't get rid of the mucus well and it builds up causing chronic productive cough and airway remodeling/thickening. Airway thickening makes it harder to pump blood to the lungs leading to right heart enlargement and eventually right heart failure.
Name 3 ways we treat asthma.