Test 1
What is the difference between comprehensible input and output
input: an instructional technique in which teachers provide input that allows EL students to understand most, but not necessarily all, of the language
ex. introducing new vocab words that relate to a pervious class
output: we acquire language when we attempt to transmit a message but fail and have to try again
ex. use drawings, images, doodles or objects
a student makes a language mistake, becomes aware of the mistake because of feedback, and then tries again.
What is curriculum mapping
Process of ensuring that what is taught corresponds to the expected learning standards
Usually involves allocating instructional time
used to ensure consistency from grade to grade
What percentage of ELLs have legal status?
75%
How can you promote a culturally responsive classrooms?
share stories of their life, draw connections between lessons and their experiences
clear classroom policies regarding tolerance and cultural sensitivity
curriculum with multicultural themes and events
Who was the shortest president
James Madison
In order to develop pragmatic competence as a writer, a student must pay most attention to which of the following
a) lexical specificity
b) Audience and purpose
c) syntactic complexity
d) structure and organization
B- Audience and purpose
pragmatic competence is associated with a person's awareness of the effects of content on language use.
A writer with well-developed pragmatic competence will adjust feature of their writing (formality) based on target audience and purpose
What is curriculum calibration?
Aligning curriculum to standardized learning objectives
What is implicit bias
unconscious bias, comes from the mind's tendency to generalize and simplify
Describe one sociopolitical factor affecting second language development and one strategy for addressing English learners needs
(ex.school program organization, differential status of primary language or dialect, language planning/policies community influence)
Ex. English learner achieving state standards strategy: teachers sharing differentiating instruction for ELD in a group
Who was the youngest president?
Theodore Roosevelt
"We worked hard on the bake sale. To raise money for the class trip."
First step to addressing an early-advanced ELD
a) distinguish between phrase and fragments and complete sentences
b)distinguish between coordinating conjunctions and correlative conjunctions
c)distinguish between prepositional phrases and infinitive phrases
d) distinguish between gerund phrases acting as subjects and those acting as direct objects
a) distinguish between phrase and fragments and complete sentences
complete sentences require a subject and a predicate. the underlined passage is a fragment
students need to learn how to distinguish fragments and complete sentences
Key components of SDAIE
tap into prior knowledge,
contextualize a lesson,
provide a positive affective domain,
teach study skills,
modify the use of the textbook,
and provide performance based assessments.
Why should teachers have high expectations of their students?
students do as well as teachers expect them to
low expectations= contribute to the achievement gap
student backgrounds should be treated as assets not obstacles
sociocultrual characteristics (origin, education, socioeco status, native lang)
1. describe characteristic of one/or more immigrant group in CA and a challenge w/ sociocultural ch.
2. effects in school experience, academic achievement
3. instructional strategy to address challenge
level of education at home (rural areas, refugees)
gaps in learning
assess needs on ongoing basis, differentiate instruction
promote academic achievement
Thomas Jefferson
For a class of middle school early -intermediate which activity would be the most effective ELD lesson providing comprehensible input and output?
a) read explanations of how particular english sounds are made, listen to a recording, producing the sounds
b) watch teacher dem. a simple science experiment, work with a partner, conduct ob., discuss ob in small group
c) video on Social St. topic, brief summary in oral presentation, student write in personal dictionaries
d) explain new grammatical structure using examples, students restate grammar rule in their own words, students identify usage errors
B- ELL at the early intermediate level, comp. input in an academic setting would need lang. that is modified for students developmental
What is Every Student Succeeds Act (2015)
specified that ELL progress in English be assessed annually
Teacher wants to ELL parents to become more involved. What is the most helpful to the teacher in planning appropriate outreach strategies?
a) how long a student has been in the country
b) language preference
c) occupation/work history
d) educational background
b) language preference
language is the most significant barrier
parents need to be able to communicate comfortably in school settings
How can small groups be modified/made with ELD ideals in mind?
strategic groupings
Which president won 2 grammy awards?
What were Vygotsky's theories, and how do we implement them into the classroom
sociocultural learning- cognitive development occurs as a result of social interactions
students learn through play
What types of assessments can be individualized
performance based assessment
portfolio assessment
authentic assessment
How can teachers handle addressing cultural conflict?
- students from different cultures interact in group settings
- open discussions as problems occur
-understanding the competing cultures (speaking to each party separately)
- assuming good faith
Education is influenced by legislation, court rulings, etc.
What is one example of one influence on education.
What effects does it have on EL education
What is one learning strategy that would help this influence
ex. No child left behind, used to close achievement gap
high expectations can be used to close achievement gap
Besides George Washington who was the only president who went unopposed
James Monroe