Reading fluency is composed of
A) rate of reading, comprehension, and accuracy of word reading.
B) rate of reading, rhythm, and pitch.
C) rate of reading, accuracy of word reading, and prosody.
D) accuracy of word reading, phonological awareness, and phonics.
E) rhythm, intonation, and expression.
C) rate of reading, accuracy of word reading, and prosody.
All of the following techniques have been identified as effective for increasing reading fluency for struggling readers except
A) repeated reading of a text.
B) reading aloud to model fluent reading while students read along.
C) choral repeated reading.
D) summarizing.
E) peer-supported reading.
D) summarizing.
Which of the following is a reading comprehension strategy?
A) Reading textually explicit material
B) Activating background knowledge
C) Choral reading
D) Using onset-rime
E) all of the above
B) Activating background knowledge
Johnny is a second grader who continues to sound out many words when he reads and reads very slowly. He uses so much effort in identifying the words that he frequently misses the main points of the story. He concentrates his effort on unlocking the word rather than on reading the word automatically. Johnny’s main barrier to comprehension is his
A) background knowledge.
B) fluency.
C) self-monitoring skills.
D) vocabulary knowledge.
E) ability to make inferences.
B) fluency.
Sheila is a second grader who read 60 words during a one-minute sample and made 7 errors. What is her WCPM?
A) 60
B) 67
C) 53
D) 46
E) 7
C) 53
Which of the following is the most difficult aspect of reading to assess?
A) Reading comprehension
B) Fluency
C) Phonics
D) Phonological awareness
E) both A and B
A) Reading comprehension
When information can be taken directly from the text, it is referred to as
A) inferential.
B) textually implicit.
C) textually explicit.
D) reading between the lines.
E) nonliteral.
C) textually explicit.
DIBELS refer to
A) individually administered assessments.
B) a series of leveled reading passages to assess fluency.
C) an instructional program for fluency.
D) both A and B
E) A, B, and C
D) both A and B
Mr. Poe reads the first page of a story to his kindergarten class: “Henry put on his mittens, scarf, and wool sweater. He would have to wear his boots today.” He then asks his class, “What do you think the weather is like in this story?” To answer this question, the children in Mr. Poe’s class need to
A) use implicit information.
B) use their background knowledge.
C) use their ability to form inferences.
D) read between the lines.
E) all of the above
E) all of the above
What level of text should be used for repeated reading?
A) The level at which the student has 50 percent word recognition
B) Any level as long as it engages the student
C) Instructional level
D) A level within the zone of proximal development
E) A level that is slightly higher than the student’s level
C) Instructional level