DNA&RNA
What is DNA?
DNA is the molecule that carries genetic instructions for life.
In the nucleus of the cell.
What is a mutation?
A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence.
What causes cystic fibrosis?
A mutation in the CFTR gene causes cystic fibrosis.
What causes sickle cell anemia?
A mutation in the Hemoglobin Gene.
RNA helps carry out instructions in DNA to make porteins.
What is codon?
A codon is a group three RNA bases that code for an amino acid?
What causes mutations?
Mutations can be caused by errors during DNA copying or by radiation/chemicals.
What organ is mainly affected?
The lungs are mainly affected
What shape are the red blood cells?
They ae sickle-shaped (like a crescent)
What are the 4 DNA bases?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine
What is the role of mRNA?
mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.
What is a point mutation?
A point mutation changes one base in the DNA sequence.
How does cystic fibrosis affected protein production?
The CFTR protein is made incorrectly, leading to thick mucus in the lungs.
Why does it cause pain
Sickle Cells can block blood flow in small vessels, causing pain.
What is transcription?
Transciption is the process of copying DNA into mRNA.
What does tRNA do?
Brings Amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
What is a frameshirt mutation?
A frameshirt mutation adds or deletes a base, shifting can lead to helpful traits.
Is Cystic Fibrosis inherited?
Yes, it's inherited from both parents (recessive)
Is Sickle Cell Genetic?
Yes, it is inherited from both parents.
What is Translation?
Translation is the process where ribosomes read mRNA and Buid proteins.
What are ribosomes for?
Ribosomes are where proteins are made.
Can mutations be helpful?
Yes, some mutations can lead to helpful trait.
What gene is mutated in Cystic fibrosis?
The CFTR gene.
Who is most affected by it?
People of African, Mediterranean, and Middle Eastern descent.