5 Laws of Particle Theory of Matter
What does the Particle Theory explain about what Matter is made of and how it behaves, reacts, and moves?
The Particle Theory states that all Matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly moving, have spaces between them, and attract each other, which explains many of Matter's properties like states (Solid, Liquid, Gas) and changes in state.
What's the process of a Solid turning into a Liquid?
The process is melting because when heat energy is added, the particles gain kinetic energy and overcome some of the strong factors holding them in fixed positions which allow them to move more freely and form a Liquid.
What is a solution?
A solution is where one substance is dissolved in another.
What is a Compound and how is it different from a Mixture?
A Compound is made when two or more different Elements chemically combine in fixed amounts. A Mixture is a combination of Substances that are not chemically joined and can be separated easily.
Do all particles in a substance move the same?
No, they move at different speeds.
True or False?: Liquids are easy to compress.
No, Liquids are not easy to compress.
What is a Mechanical Mixture?
A Mechanical Mixture is where you can see the different parts.
How is an Element different from a Compound in terms of Atoms?
An Element has one kind of Atom. A Compound has different Atoms joined together.
What causes particles to attract each other less?
Particles attract less when there's More energy since, more energy causes weaker attraction.
What is Condensation, and what happens to the particles during this change of state?
Condensation is the process where a Gas changes into as Liquid. As the Gas particles lose energy, they slow down and move closer together. Which allows the forces of attraction to pull them into a Liquid state.
What's the difference between a Pure Substance and a Mixture?
A Pure Substance has only one kind of particle and a Mixture has many kinds of particles.
True or False: An Element can be broken down into simpler Substances by Chemical reactions?
False!!
True or False:The start between particles get larger as Matter changes from a Solid to a Gas.
True because as a Solid changes into a Liquid and then to Gas, the particles gain energy, move faster, and spread farther apart, increasing the spaces between them.
During Sublimation, how do the particles in a substance change? And what state does transition occur?
In Sublimation, particles in a Solid get enough energy to break free from their fixed positions and move directly into a Gas.
Give examples on Pure Substances.
Some examples are: Water, Gold, Oxygen, Salt, Sugar, Diamonds, and Iron.
True or False?: Oxygen gas (O2) is a compound because it contains more than one Atom.
False!!
What effect does adding heat energy have on particles of Matter in terms of their movements and spacing?
When heat is added, the particles gain more kinetic energy, causing them to move faster and spread apart, which can change the state of Matter.
What are the main states of Matter and how do they differ in terms of particle movement and speeds?
The main states are Solid, Liquid, and Gas. In Solids the particles are tightly packed together and stay in place. In Liquids the particles are close together but can slide past each other. And in Gases particles are far apart and move freely at high speeds.
Give examples on Mixtures.
Some examples are Air, Soda, Saltwater, and Soil.
What is the smallest unit of Matter that maintains the identity of an Element, and how does its structure affect chemical behaviour?
An Atom is the smallest unit of Matter. The way it parts (like Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons) are arranged decides how it reacts to other Atoms.