Breathing!
What is inadequate CO2 removal from the body called?
What does a VQ scan assess for?
Evidence of a Pulmonary Embolism.
What is HIIT
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia & thrombosis (due to receiving heparin)
Where does Leukemia originate?
In the bone marrow.
What risk is a patient with Vitamin K deficiency at risk for?
What should the MAX liters per minute be for Nasal Cannula?
6LPM
Name 1 of the 2 Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) interventions
BiPap and/or CPap
What causes Macrocytic Anemia?
A blood disorder where your bone marrow produces abnormally large red blood cells (RBCs) that can't function properly, leading to anemia (low hemoglobin).
What hallmark cell abnormality is present in Hodgkin Lymphoma?
Reed Sternberg Cells, it is the hallmark, cancerous giant B-lymphocytes found in ONLY Hodgkin lymphoma
What is cryoprecipitate?
Fibrinogen concentrate
(replaces clotting factors: fibrinogen, Factor VIII, Factor XIII, and von Willebrand factor)
What should the MINIMUM liters per minute be for a Simple Mask?
5 LPM
What are 2 reasons a patient would need intubation?
Inability to protect/maintain the airway.
Failure to ventilate and/or oxygenate.
Anticipation of a deteriorating course that will
eventually lead to respiratory failure.
A 17 year old girl admitted w/ ITP had a syncopal episode while in the bathroom and had an unwitnessed fall. A Head CT was obtained to R/O bleed and was subsequently negative. A few hours later the patient is pale, lethargic, and hypotensive. As her nurse, what imaging should be advocated for?
CT Abdomen/Pelvis.
What is Lymphadenopathy?
Enlarged lymph nodes that become palpable and tender. Can be either local to one spot or generalized.
Your patient is receiving a blood transfusion, about 15 minutes into the transfusion she complains that the bed is uncomfortable and bothering her back. What is your next step?
Stop the transfusion, start NS bolus, and notify provider.
Flank pain is a symptom of an acute hemolytic reaction.
What should the liter per minute setting be for a Non Rebreather Mask?
Max flow (usually 15LPM)
The Iron Lung was commonly used to treat Polio patients with paralyzed respiratory muscles, what type of pressure did the Iron Lung use?
Negative Pressure
Explain what DIC is?
Make it simple!
The amount of activated thrombin exceeds the body’s anti-thrombins and the thrombin does not remain localized. The widespread thromboses created cause widespread ischemia, infarction, and organ hypo-perfusion
BASICALLY... your body has too much activated thrombin (clots your blood) and clots up all your clotting factors ultimately leading to uncontrollable bleeding.
What medication can be prescribed to patients during chemotherapy treatment?
Filgrastim (Neupogen)
Reduce the duration of severe neutropenia (low white blood cell count) and fever in patients undergoing induction or consolidation chemotherapy.
Warfarin
What should the SPO2 range be for a patient with COPD?
88%-92%
According to the National Health Institute, patients with COPD receiving supplemental oxygen, oxygen saturations above 92% were associated with higher mortality and an adverse dose-response
How do you confirm proper placement after intubation and what is the correct range?
End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) levels(capnography)
Normal level=20-40 mm Hg
How is Heparin utilized in DIC?
In DIC, this can help stop the extensive fibrin formation and, theoretically, prevent organ dysfunction.
BASICALLY... The Heparin helps stop excessive clotting formation
What is the "Nadir Period"
The time in which the patient has their lowest blood cell count, which is their highest risk of infection.
Your patient has a critically low hub and has an order to infuse 2 units of PRBC, your patient has 2 IV sites, as the RN will you give the PRBC one and a time or together (but through separate IVs) to quickly increase her blood count?
Individually, one after the other in case of a blood transfusion reaction.