Anatomy
Functions
Functions
What do two main tissues form the nasal septum?
Cartilage and bony parts.
What is the primary complaint of patients with a deviated septum?
Nasal obstruction (difficulty breathing).
What is the main sensory nerve of the nasal cavity?
The trigeminal nerve (V pair).
List common types of septal deformities.
C-shaped, S-shaped, ridges, and spurs.
Should the patient tilt their head back during a nosebleed?
No. (to avoid blood aspiration)
What is the name of area in the anterior septum most prone to bleeding?
Kiesselbach's plexus.
Indications for posterior nasal packing?
Failure of anterior packing or massive posterior bleeding.
What does "pulsating stream" indicate in epistaxis?
Arterial bleeding.
How does a deviated septum affect the sinuses?
Block ventilation and drainage, leading to sinusitis.
Complications/risks of prolonged nasal packing?
Otitis media, sinusitis, toxic shock.
Name the three main parts of the external nose?
Root, bridge (dorsum), and tip.
Which systemic diseases cause epistaxis?
Hemophilia, leukemia, hypertension.
Whay is the lab signs of massive blood loss?
Low hemoglobin and hematocrit
What is conchae hypertrophy in a deviated septum?
Compensatory hypertrophy of the nasal conchae.
What is the maximum time for anterior nasal packing?
48 hours
What is the main artery supplying the nasal cavity?
Sphenopalatine artery.
Describe anterior nasal packing technique.
Layered packing.
What is the "cauterization" method for epistaxis?
Chemical or electrocoagulation of blood vessels.
Difference between septoplasty and Killian's resection?
Septoplasty is conservative reshaping.
Killian's is radical removal.
Which drug group is used for nasal decongestion?
Adrenomimetics (decongestants).