Armed Struggle
They launched a guerrilla war against French forces
What is Algeria OR National Liberation Front (NLF)?
The use of military force/violent conflict by colonized peoples to achieve independence from imperial rule
What is armed struggle?
adopted nonviolent methods like civil disobedience and boycotts to protest British rule
What is the Indian National Congress (INC) OR India OR Who is Mohandas Gandhi?
This leader of the Indian National Congress advocated for satyagraha (non-violent resistance) and led the Salt March to protest British salt monopolies
Who is Mahatma Gandhi?
Decolozination
What is the process of colonies gaining independence from European imperial powers?
formed a team to fight for independence; result was that it was divided into a North and South
What is Vietnam or Viet Minh?
self-governance or the right of a region or group to control its own affairs while potentially remaining within a larger political structure
What is autonomy?
Relationships with local governments crumbles, couldn't maintain power.
What is France?
As the first Prime Minister of Ghana, he was a leading figure in Pan-Africanism and helped his country become the first sub-Saharan colony to gain independence
Who is Kwame Nkrumah?
These countries gained independence through negotiation (NAME 2)
What are India, France, Ghana and Nigeria?
The nationalization of it led to a crisis involving France, Britain and Israel
What is Egypt OR the Suez Crisis?
Political control and governance exercised by a colonial power over a territory and its indigenous population
What is colonial rule?
similar to India, they led through strikes, boycotts, and political mobilization
What is Ghana OR the Gold Coast?
This Vietnamese nationalist and communist leader fought against both French and American forces to establish a unified, independent Vietnam
Who is Ho Chi Minh?
These countries gained independence through armed struggle
What are Algeria, Vietnam, Canada and Egypt?
A growing nationalism in a separated part of this place led to violence; religious tensions
What is Canada?
The process by which colonies achieved independence through diplomatic agreements and peaceful negotiations with imperial powers
What is negotiated independence?
Civil war over who would control this newly independent state
What is Nigeria?
A key leader in the Algerian War of Independence against France, he became the first President of Algeria and a hero of the Third World movement
Who is Ahmed Ben Bella?
What two ways did decolonization happen through?
What is armed struggle and negotiation?
Two groups that had a major effect on the armed struggle (in general)
What are the Viet Minh, the National Liberation Front, and the Kikuyu ethnic group?
An organized effort by a group to separate from an existing political entity and establish independent governance
What are secessionist movements?
What are two groups that had a major effect on the negotiations?
What are the Conventions People's Party and the Indian National Congress?
This leader of the Muslim League insisted on a separate state for South Asian Muslims, eventually becoming the founding father of Pakistan
Who is Muhammad Ali Jinnah? (DAILY DOUBLE!)
What is the broad theme of this?
What is the Cold War?