DNA/RNA Structure
How many strands does DNA and RNA both have?
DNA: 2 (double stranded)
RNA: 1 (single stranded)
DNA replication occurs in what organelle in eukaryotes? What about prokaryotes?
Eukaryotes: Nucleus
Prokayotes: Cytoplasm
What is the longest stage of the cell cycle?
Interphase
Transcription occurs in which organelle?
Nucleus
Translation occurs in which organelle?
Cytoplasm
DNA and RNA are examples of which macromolecule?
Nucleic Acids
What would the complementary strand be of the following DNA sequence?
ATCGGTACCA
TAGCCATGGT
What is programmed cell death referred to as?
Apoptosis
What enzyme is responsible for transcription?
RNA polymerase
Which organelle does the mRNA attach to?
Ribosome
What nitrogen base is only found in DNA? What about RNA?
DNA has adenine (A)
RNA has uracil (U)
How would you describe DNA if it is made up of 1 old strand and 1 new strand?
Semi conservative
What is the order of phases in mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
What type of RNA is made through transcription?
mRNA
The 3 letter codon CAU produces histidine. A mutation occurs, turning it into CAA producing glutamine. What kind of mutation is this?
missense
What elements make up a strand of DNA or RNA?
CHONP
What enzyme is responsible for adding the complementary nucleotides to the template strand of DNA?
DNA polymerase
What is the splitting of the cytoplasm referred to as?
Cytokinesis
Transcribe the following DNA strand into mRNA:
TTCGATCA
AAGCUAGU
What does it mean for genetic code to be universal?
DNA codes for the same proteins in all living thing
A nucleotide of DNA is made up of what 3 parts?
Phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base
What enzyme is responsible for unzipping the DNA strand by breaking the hydrogen bonds? What glues the bonds back together?
1. DNA Helicase
2. DNA Ligase
What phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication take place in?
S phase
What is the central dogma of biology?
DNA to mRNA to Protein
What part of the tRNA matches up with the mRNA to deliver the amino acid?
anticodon