Direction Terms & Anatomy
This term refers to the position humans are in when doctors use directional and regional terms to describe them (e.g., standing upright, arms at sides, palms forward).
What is anatomical position?
These are the three types of muscle tissue found in the body.
What are skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle?
This specific part of the brain is located underneath the cerebrum and is responsible for muscle control and balance.
What is the cerebellum?
This is the tool used to manually measure a patient’s blood pressure.
What is a sphygmomanometer?
This bean-shaped organ is responsible for filtering waste from the blood and balancing fluid levels in the body.
What is the kidney?
These two directional terms are opposites: one refers to being closer to the surface of the body, and the other refers to being further away from the surface.
What are superficial & deep?
This type of joint is moveable and contains a specific fluid to help reduce friction during movement.
What is a synovial joint?
This endocrine gland is known as the "master gland" and regulates reproduction, growth, and water levels.
What is the pituitary gland?
These are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
What are alveoli?
These are the functional units of the kidney (there are about a million in each) where the actual process of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion takes place.
What is a nephron?
This body plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.
What is the transverse plane?
hese two types of bone cells have opposite jobs: one helps build bone, while the other breaks it down.
What are osteoblasts and osteoclasts?
This value, measured in millivolts (mV), represents the resting membrane potential of a neuron.
What is -70 mV?
This value is calculated by multiplying Heart Rate (HR) by Stroke Volume (SV).
What is Cardiac Output?
This specific type of immunity is "built" over time as the body is exposed to pathogens or receives a vaccine, allowing it to "remember" specific "invaders."
What is acquired (or adaptive) immunity?
These are the four major types of tissues found in the human body.
What are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues?
This medical tool is used to measure the Range of Motion (ROM) of a joint to assess injuries or progress in physical therapy.
What is a goniometer?
This neurotransmitter is responsible for "fight or flight" responses in the body.
What is epinephrine (or norepinephrine)?
This condition is characterized by a buildup of plaque in blood vessels, which can lead to Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD).
What is atherosclerosis?
This value represents how effectively the kidneys cleanse the blood of metabolic wastes and maintain homeostasis.
What is the GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate)?
These specific cavities make up the dorsal (back) cavity of the human body.
What are the cranial and vertebral (spinal) cavities?
These are the four stages of bone fracture repair in the correct order.
What are hematoma formation, fibrocartilaginous callus formation, bony callus formation, and bone remodeling?
During this phase of an action potential, sodium (Na+) channels are open while potassium (K+) channels remain closed.
What is depolarization?
These are the four major components of the heart's conduction system that coordinate a heartbeat
What are the SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, and Purkinje fibers?
These are the two specific types of vessels found in a lymph node: one carries unfiltered lymph in, and the other carries filtered lymph out.
What are afferent (in) and efferent (out) vessels?