Politics
This president doubled the size of the U.S. with the Louisiana Purchase.
Who is Thomas Jefferson?
This invention by Eli Whitney increased cotton production and strengthened slavery.
What is the cotton gin?
This trail was a major route for settlers moving west to Oregon.
What is the Oregon Trail?
This religious movement in the early 1800s emphasized emotional worship and led to reform movements like abolition and temperance.
What is the Second Great Awakening?
This 1857 Supreme Court case ruled that African Americans were not citizens and that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories.
What is Dred Scott v. Sandford?
This doctrine warned European nations not to interfere in the Western Hemisphere.
What is the Monroe Doctrine?
This system connected markets and boosted trade through man-made waterways like the Erie Canal.
What are canals?
This concept justified American expansion across the continent.
What is Manifest Destiny?
This 1848 convention, organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott, marked the beginning of the women’s rights movement in the U.S.
What is the Seneca Falls Convention?
This amendment, ratified after the Civil War, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States.
What is the 14th Amendment?
This political party, formed in the 1850s, opposed the spread of slavery into new territories.
What is the Republican Party?
This economic idea supported government funding for infrastructure and a national bank.
What is the American System?
This 1848 discovery in California triggered massive westward migration and accelerated the state’s admission to the Union in 1850.
What is the Gold Rush?
This system of labor, where workers were paid low wages and lived in company-owned housing, was common in early textile mills.
What is the Lowell System?
This 1896 Supreme Court case upheld racial segregation under the doctrine of “separate but equal.”
What is Plessy v. Ferguson?
This compromise admitted California as a free state and included a stricter Fugitive Slave Law.
What is the Compromise of 1850?
These business leaders, like Rockefeller and Carnegie, dominated industries in the late 1800s.
Who are captains of industry / robber barons?
This 1848 treaty ended the Mexican-American War and gave the U.S. vast southwestern lands.
What is the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?
This 19th-century movement sought to limit or ban alcohol consumption and was supported by groups like the Women’s Christian Temperance Union.
What is the Temperance Movement?
These laws, passed in the South after Reconstruction, enforced racial segregation and disenfranchised Black Americans.
What are Jim Crow laws?
This disputed election of 1876 resulted in a compromise that ended Reconstruction.
What is the Compromise of 1877?
This law aimed to regulate railroad rates and was the first federal attempt to control big business.
What is the Interstate Commerce Act?
This 1890 declaration stated the American frontier was essentially closed.
What is the Turner Frontier Thesis?
This late 19th-century movement, supported by farmers, called for free silver, government control of railroads, and direct election of senators.
What is Populism (or the Populist Party)?
This 1883 Supreme Court decision struck down the Civil Rights Act of 1875, ruling that the 14th Amendment did not apply to private discrimination.
What are the Civil Rights Cases (1883)?