Terminology
What is the process by which the body regulates the amount of water and electrolytes it contains?
Fluid Balance
Why is it important to maintain proper hydration in healthcare settings?
Prevent fluid volume deficit and electrolyte imbalance
What are some common signs and symptoms of fluid volume deficit?
Dry mouth, decreased urine output, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion
What is the condition that occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in?
Dehydration
What the the two main mechanisms by which the body regulates fluid balance?
Intake and Output
What are signs and symptoms of fluid volume excess?
Swelling, weight gain, shortness of breath, decreased appetite
Edema
What are some examples of fluid intake?
Drinking water, eating fluids and IV fluids
What are some common electrolyte imbalances?
Hypo/hypernatremia, Hypo/hyperkalemia
What are the minerals that help maintain fluid balance and regulate nerve and muscle function?
Electrolytes
What are examples of fluid output?
Urine, sweating, breathing
What are some potential complications of fluid volume deficit and electrolyte imbalances?
Kidney failure, heart problems, seizures
What does I&O stand for?
Intake and Output
What is homeostasis?
The balance of all body functions where the body is functioning optimally
What organ do potassium imbalances affect the most?
Heart or cardiac