Pure Substances & Mixtures
Matter made of only one kind of particle and not easily separated by physical means.
What is a pure substance?
This is a substance with a defined shape and volume. The atoms in solid are packed tight together.
What is a solid?
This property compares mass to volume and helps predict sinking or floating.
What is density?
The force pulling a dropped tennis ball toward Earth.
What is gravity?
The total of all forces acting on an object, including direction.
What is net force?
Energy of motion, like a rolling basketball.
What is kinetic energy?
A mixture that looks the same throughout, like saltwater.
What is a homogeneous mixture (solution)?
This state has definite volume but no definite shape, and its particles slide past each other.
What is a liquid?
If an object is less dense than water, it will do this.
What is float?
The force that opposes motion when a box slides across a floor.
What is friction?
When net force equals zero, forces are called this.
What are balanced forces?
Stored energy due to height, like a book on a shelf.
What is gravitational potential energy?
A mixture with visibly different parts, like orange juice with pulp.
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
In this state, particles are far apart and move freely, so it fills any container.
What is a gas?
In a container with multiple liquids, the liquid with the greatest density ends up here.
What is the bottom layer?
The upward force a table exerts on a book resting on it.
What is the normal force?
Two workers push a couch with 150 N and 180 N in the same direction. The net force is this.
What is 330 N?
Energy stored in stretched rubber bands or a pulled-back bow.
What is elastic potential energy?
This process can physically separate a mixture but does NOT create a new substance
What is a physical change
Compared to solids, particles in gases have much more of this kind of energy because they move faster.
What is kinetic energy?
Olive oil (0.90 g/mL) and saltwater (1.03 g/mL) are poured together. Oil forms this layer.
What is the top layer?
This non-contact force can attract or repel.
What is magnetism?
If a dog pulls forward with 100 N and the owner pulls backward with 110 N, the net force is this (include direction)
What is 10 N backward?
When batteries power a flashlight, chemical energy becomes electrical energy then this kind of energy.
What is light energy (with some thermal energy)?
What are the differences between pure substances and mixtures? Select three answers.
A. Pure substances have the same properties throughout, but the parts of a mixture can have different properties.
B. Pure substances cannot be physically separated, but mixtures can be separated.
C, Pure substances contain just one type of particle, and mixtures contain more than one type of particle.
D Pure substances do not have a uniform composition & mixtures always have a uniform composition.
What is A, B, C
A substance is heated; its temperature rises, then levels off at the melting point while heating continues. The flat part shows energy is used to do this instead of raising temperature.
What is breaking particle attractions during a phase change (melting)?
A 50 mL object has a mass of 60 g. Its density is 60÷50 = 1.2 g/mL, based on density, will the object sink in water?
What is its density is 60÷50 = 1.2 g/mL, so it’s denser than water (1.0) and sinks.
A swimmer moves forward by pushing water backward. The water pushes the swimmer forward with an equal force. This is an example of this law.
What is Newton’s Third Law?
Identify the simultaneous force pair when a runner pushes backward on the ground.
What is: the ground pushes forward on the runner with applied force with equal magnitude and opposite direction?
Earthquake surface waves move the ground up and down, transferring energy perpendicular to wave direction. These are called this type of wave.
What is a transverse wave?