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Nonprofits 101
Who's who?
Potpourri
100

This is who hires and fires the CEO in a nonprofit organization.

What is the Board of Directors or Governing Board?

100

This is the information return that nonprofits file annually with the IRS

What is Form 990?

100

This section of the US Internal Revenue Code (with 29 specific sub-sections) defines the various types of tax-exempt organizations.

What is section 501(c)?

100

Another name for Chief Executive Officer, this position heads the staff of a nonprofit organization.

What is Executive Director?

100

McGregor (1960) conceived of two management theories: one that assumes workers are lazy, resistant to change and not concerned with organizational needs (Theory X), and this, more positive, approach, which views workers as being capable of self-motivation and self-direction, and the managers’ role as supporting workers’ development.

What is Theory Y?

200

Of "leadership" and "management", this is the one that focuses on day-to-day operations, procedures and processes.

What is management?

200

This is the source of roughly 3/4 of philanthropic giving in the U.S. 

What are individuals?

200

Along with private foundations, these organizations are classified as 501(c)3 tax-exempt nonprofits by the IRS.

What are public charities?

200

This position is generally responsible for hiring, supervising, and disciplining a nonprofit's paid staff.

What is the Executive Director?
200

This is what RFP stands for.

What is Request For Proposals?
300

To avoid the appearance of this, members who might financially benefit from a board action should excuse themselves from an item's discussion and vote.

What is a conflict of interest?

300

While exempt nonprofits do not pay taxes on income earned by conducting their charitable purpose, revenue from other activities is subject to UBIT, which stands for this.

What is Unrelated Business Income Tax?

300

A particular benefit of 501(c)3 organizations is the ability of their donors to take this as a way of reducing their personal income tax liability (subject to limits imposed by federal laws).

What is a tax deduction?

300

This committee of the board is usually comprised of board officers and committee chairs, and is authorized to take action on behalf of the board in emergency situations.

What is the Executive Committee?

300

To describe volunteer opportunities, NPOs should develop these documents, which typically spell out the duties, time commitment, minimum qualifications, and supervisory structure of the volunteer position.

What are job descriptions?

400

A judge's ruling on a 1974 court case clarified these as the three legal duties of nonprofit board members.

What are the Duty of Care, the Duty of Loyalty, and the Duty of Obedience?

400

Often established with a bequest or a capital campaign, the principal of this permanently restricted fund is intended to be left intact, generating ongoing revenue through interest or dividends, rather than being spent on operations.

What is an endowment?

400

When an NPO has outgrown the style or skills of its early leadership, yet the leader is unwilling or unable to adapt or step aside, it may fall victim to this condition, often characterized by conflict, resentment and chaos.

What is Founders Syndrome?

400

Of "Federal", "State" or "Local" government, this is the level that confers corporate status on new nonprofit organizations.

What is the state?
400

Volunteers can be distinguished as either service volunteers, who directly deliver an organization's mission, or these, who serve in a governance or advisory capacity.

What are policy volunteers?

500

Many nonprofits have two types of boards:
governing boards (which bear legal responsibility for the organization) and these, which provide suggestions, guidance and/or community contacts.

What are advisory boards?

500

This is the nonprofit equivalent of a "Balance Sheet"

What is the Statement of Financial Position?

500

This triangular figure depicts the different levels of philanthropic giving, and can be used to guide donor development.

What is the Donor Pyramid (or Fundraising Pyramid)?

500

In the California government, this office provides oversight of nonprofits and ensures compliance with state laws.

What is the Office of the Attorney General?

500

This graphic representation of the relationship between a nonprofit's resources, activities, and the resulting outcome or impact on society is often used as a tool for program planning and evaluation.

What is a logic model?