Which part of an atom creates most of the atom’s volume?
Electron
Which metalloid is used in solar cells and computer chips?
Silicon
Which statement BEST explains why metals are ductile and malleable?
Delocalized electrons in metallic bonds allow metal atoms to slide past one another instead of breaking the bonds.
Temperature is the measurement of which type of energy?
kinetic
What happens when a chemical reaction reaches equilibrium?
The rate of the forward reaction is the same as the rate of the reverse reaction.
When would the transition of the electron in the atom produce an emission line? Going in or going out?
Going in
Chlorine, bromine, and iodine were grouped together in the earliest forms of the periodic table, including the table developed by Mendeleev. What was an organizing principle in this grouping at that time?
The three elements reacted the same way with other elements.
What type of bond forms if an element from Group 1A bonds with an element from Group 7A?
ionic bond
What mass of hydrogen sulfide, will completely react with 2.00 moles of silver nitrate,
34.1 g H2S
The normal pressure for a car tire is 220 kPa. The actual pressure reading for a tire is 262 kPa. Which of the following best explains why the actual pressure is greater than normal?
More collisions occur between the inner surface of the tire as gas molecule numbers increase.
The half-life of uranium-238 is 4.5 billion years. The half-life of potassium-40 is 1.25 billion years. A rock is found with half of its original potassium-40 content. How much of its original uranium-238 content remains in the rock? 10%? 20%? 30%? 50+%
50+%
The order of the elements in the periodic table is determined by their
number of protons.
Which statement describes what occurs when large biomolecules such as glucose (C6H12O6) form?
Electrons are shared to form covalent bonds.
Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
A 5.00-g sample of zinc is added to hydrochloric acid. The amount of hydrochloric acid is sufficient to allow the zinc to react completely. What mass of hydrogen gas does this reaction produce?
0.2 g H2
When adding sugar to tea, it was observed that the sugar kept dissolving. When ice was added, some sugar precipitated to the bottom of the glass. The mixture is then considered to be
saturated.
Flame tests can be used to identify an element. Each element emits characteristic waves of light when it is heated in a flame. Why do electrons give off light?
They move closer to the nucleus and release a photon
Jaime is learning how elements are placed in the periodic table. He must find an element similar to calcium (Ca). Which element will be MOST similar in physical and chemical properties to calcium (Ca)?
magnesium (Mg)
The diagram below represents the Lewis dot structure for fluorine.
Fluorine has one electron available to form a covalent bond.
A scientist distilled a quantity of water to use in an experiment. How much water did he collect if the condensation process released 9040 J of energy?
0.222 mol
What is the volume of 12.0 grams of oxygen gas at STP?
8.40 liters
The frequency of a line in the emission spectrum of an atom indicates the amount of
energy characteristically released when an electron drops to a lower energy state.
What has to occur before an atom in its ground state can emit a photon?
excitation of an electron to a higher energy state
Based on the positions of the elements on the periodic table, what is the chemical formula of aluminum sulfide?
Al2S3
Which statement BEST describes the phase change of a 34.6 g sample of water vapor to liquid water?
The condensation released 78.2 kJ of energy.
How does a weak acid solution differ from a strong acid solution?
Molecules of the weak acid dissociate to a lesser degree than those of the strong acid.