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Cell Structure
Transport Across Cell Membranes
DNA, RNA & Proteins
Respiration
100

The chemical component of a plant cell wall, which is absent in fungal and bacterial cell walls.

What is cellulose?

100

The two main components that make up the selectively permeable cell membrane.

What are phospholipids and proteins?

100

The complementary DNA base that always pairs with Guanine.

What is cytosine?

100

The cellular location where the initial stage of respiration (glycolysis) takes place in all cells.

What is cytoplasm?

200

The small, circular ring of DNA found naturally in bacterial cells.

What is a plasmid?

200
The movement of water molecules from a higher water concentration to a lower water concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.

What is osmosis?

200

The organelle located in the cytoplasm where proteins are assembled from amino acids.

What is the ribosome?

200

The high-energy molecule generated during glucose breakdown that transfers chemical energy for cellular activities.

What is ATP?

300

Two organelles found in a typical plant cell that are never found in a typical animal cell.

What are cell walls, chloroplasts, or large vacuoles? (Any 2)

300

The structural term for a plant cell that has lost water, causing its cell membrane to pull away from its cell wall.

What is plasmolysed?

300

The single-stranded molecule that carries a complementary copy of the genetic code from the nucleus to a ribosome.

What is mRNA (messenger RNA)?

300

The breakdown product formed from pyruvate in animal cells when oxygen is absent.

What is lactate?

400
The main structural difference between bacterial cells and plant / fungal / animal cells regarding internal organelles

What is the absense of a nucleus?

400
The type of transport that requires ATP for membrane proteins to move molecules or ions against a concentration gradient.

What is active transport?

400

The specific factor that determines the unique shape and function of a protein molecule.

What is the sequence of amino acids?

400

The two end-products generated when plant or yeast cells undergo fermentation.

What are carbon dioxide and ethanol?

500

The cell structure that is made of different materials in plant, fungal, and bacterial cells.

What is the cell wall?

500
The effect on an animal cell when placed in a solution with a significantly higher water concentration than it's cytoplasm.

What is bursting?

500
The term for an enzyme whose active site shape has been permanently altered by extreme temperature or pH, preventing substrate binding.

What is denatured?

500

The essential molecule required for pyruvate to enter the mitochondrie and be broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

What is oxygen?