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What is an Operating System?
An Operating System is system software that manages hardware and software resources and provides services for programs.
What does CLI stand for?
Command Line Interface
What are the two modes of an Operating System?
User Mode and Kernel Mode What are the two modes of an Operating System?
Name main functions of an Operating System.
User Interface management, Resource management, Application services.
Give one example of a CLI-based system.
MS-DOS, Linux Terminal, Windows CMD
Which mode has full access to system resources?
Kernel Mode
What does an Operating System act as between the user and computer hardware?
It acts as an intermediary between the user and computer hardware.
What is the main difference between CLI and GUI?
CLI uses typed commands; GUI uses icons, windows, and mouse interaction.
What is User Mode?
A mode where applications run with limited access to system resources.
Why is an Operating System considered system software and not application software?
Because it manages system resources and provides a platform for applications, not direct user tasks.
Why is GUI considered more user-friendly than CLI?
Because it uses visual elements like icons and menus, making it easier to learn and use.
Why is paging useful for multitasking?
Because Kernel Mode has unrestricted access to hardware, memory, and CPU.
Explain how an Operating System manages hardware resources like CPU and memory.
It allocates CPU time, manages memory, controls I/O devices, and ensures programs run smoothly without conflict.
Explain how users interact with a computer in GUI compared to CLI.
In GUI, users click icons and menus; in CLI, users type commands to interact with the system.
Explain how an application switches from User Mode to Kernel Mode when accessing hardware like a camera.
The app sends a request (like camera access), OS checks permission, then Kernel Mode accesses hardware safely.