Layers of the Earth
Plate Tectonics
Volcanoes
Earthquakes
Random
100
What is the outermost layer of the earth called?
Crust
100
What is the name for the type of plate boundary where two tectonic plates move away from each other?
Divergent
100
Name one type of plate boundary where a volcano can form.
Divergent, convergent
100
Two plates can move past each other to produce an earthquake. What type of plate boundary does this happen at?
Transform
100
Which direction do the plates move at a convergent boundary?
Towards each other
200
Which layer of the Earth is the hottest?
Inner core
200
What type of plate boundary created these?
Convergent
200
Explain the formation of a volcano at a divergent plate boundary.
The two plates move apart. The magma rises to the surface, cools down, and solidifies. This forms the volcano.
200
What device is used to measure the magnitude of earthquakes?
Seismograph
200
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is below the surface of the Earth. Lava is above.
300
Which layer of the Earth is between the crust and the outer core?
Mantle
300
What is the process when an oceanic plate sinks beneath a continental plate or another oceanic plate?
Subduction
300
Explain the formation of a volcano at a convergent plate boundary.
The oceanic plate will slide underneath the continental plate. The oceanic crust melts into magma. A build-up of pressure will cause the magma to break through the crust. When the magma reaches the surface, it cools to form a volcano.
300
What is the name for the point on the Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's starting point?
epicenter
300
What is another name for plate boundary?
Margin
400
What phases of matter (liquid, gas, solid) are each of the layers of the earth?
Inner core (solid), Outer core (liquid), Mantle (semi-liquid), Crust (solid)
400
What is the name of the supercontinent that existed around 250 million years ago?
Pangaea
400
Name all three parts of the volcano.
Magma chamber, vent, and crater
400
What type of stress occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other? What type of stress occurs when two tectonic plates move towards each other?
Tension, compression
400
How do volcanoes grow (or get bigger) overtime?
The lava from previous eruptions turn solid, creating new layers.
500
What are the two types of crust? Which one is more dense?
Continental, oceanic. Oceanic is more dense.
500
Name all 3 types of landforms that can be created at convergent plate boundaries?
Volcanoes, Mountains, Trenches
500
What is the difference between a shield volcano and a stratovolcano?
Shield volcano erupts low viscosity lava. Stratovolcanoes erupt higher viscosity lava.
500
On the blackboard, identify the seismic waves.
P waves, S waves, Surface Waves
500
What type of stress occurs at a transform fault?
Shear stress