Ancient Beginnings
Stone/wooden monument slab
What is a Stele?
The practice of dividing history into distinct periods for easier study and analysis
What is Periodization in history?
Indo-European people in Anatolia; used iron
Who were the Hittites?
City-state in ancient Greece
What is a Polis?
Philosophy seeking pleasure as absence of pain; avoid politics
What is the definition of Epicureanism?
Sumerian word for king; “big man.”
What does Lugal mean?
An English scholar who discovered the connection between Indo-European languages, laying the groundwork for comparative linguistics.
Who was Sir William Jones, and why was he important?
Egyptians vs. Hittites (ended in first peace treaty)
Who fought at the Battle of Kadesh?
Citizen-soldiers in phalanx formation
Who were the Hoplites?
Philosophy emphasizing virtue, fate, and public duty
What is the definition of Stoicism?
Massive Mesopotamian temple with terraced levels
What is a Ziggurat?
Prophet of Zoroastrianism in Persia
Who was Zoroaster?
Sea-trading people; created alphabet; purple dye
Who were the Phoenicians?
Poet from Lesbos; one of the earliest female literary voices
Who was Sappho?
King of Macedon; reorganized army; father of Alexander
Who was Philip II?
Imhotep, for Pharaoh Djoser
Who built the first step pyramid?
Epic poem about King Gilgamesh; explores mortality, friendship, legacy
What is the Epic of Gilgamesh about?
Groups who attacked Egypt & Eastern Med. in the Late Bronze Age
Who were the “Sea Peoples”?
Athenian statesman; led during the Golden Age
Who was Pericles?
Greek scientist/inventor; famous for “Eureka!” moment
Who was Archimedes?
Egyptian concept of truth, balance, justice, order
What is the definition of Ma’at
Worship of one god while acknowledging others exist
What is Henotheism?
Founder of Persian Empire; known for tolerance and expansion
Who was Cyrus the Great?
Alliance of Greek city-states led by Athens
What was the Delian League?
Ptolemaic Egypt, Seleucid Persia, Antigonid Greece (any two)
Who were the two Hellenistic Kingdoms?