Antianginal & Lipid Lowering Agents
Which of the following is a contraindication for a patient taking a beta-blocker for their arrhythmia? (SATA)
a. HR of 70
b. Asthma
c. Arthritis
d. Pregnancy
e. Migraine
b. asthma
d. pregnancy
What other conditions are contraindicated for beta blockers?
Which of the following medications/food result in undesired effects when combined with warfarin? Select all that apply.
A. Vitamin E
B. Ginkgo
C. Grapefruit juice
D. Licorice
E. St. John’s wort
A. Vitamin E
B. Ginkgo
D. Licorice
A client who experiences allergic rhinitis asks the nurse about a nasal corticosteroid. How should the nurse reply?
a) "Clear the nasal passages after use."
b) "Take the medication only as needed."
c) "The medication should start to work immediately."
d) "The medication works locally and decreases inflammation."
d) "The medication works locally and decreases inflammation."
Intranasal corticosteroids may be used to treat allergic rhinitis. The medication works locally and decreases inflammation. The client should be instructed to clear the nasal passages before use for best medication effectiveness. The client should take the medication regularly as prescribed in order for the effect to be achieved. The medication may take several days to achieve maximal effect because it works by decreasing inflammation.
This medication is commonly used to treat respiratory distress syndrome in neonates.
lung surfactants
Which of the following is most commonly a side effect of ezetimibe?
a. Hepatocellular carcinoma
b. Increased bradykinin
c. Hypereuicemia
d. Pellagra
e. Diarrhea
f. Cardiotoxicity
e. Diarrhea
A side effect of ezetimibe is diarrhea, as inhibition of cholesterol absorption keeps cholesterol in the intestinal lumen to be excreted.
Which statement made by the client demonstrates a need for further instruction regarding the use of nitroglycerin?
A) "If I get a headache, I should keep taking nitroglycerin and use Tylenol for pain relief."
B) "I should keep my nitroglycerin in a cool, dry place."
C) "I should change positions slowly to avoid getting dizzy."
D) "I can take up to five tablets at 3-minute intervals for chest pain if necessary."
D) "I can take up to five tablets at 3-minute intervals for chest pain if necessary."
Clients are taught to take up to three tablets every 5 minutes. If no relief from chest pain is obtained after three tablets, they should seek medical assistance.
Your patient with iron deficiency anemia has returned for follow-up blood work following treatment. They are eating breakfast when you go to retrieve them from the waiting room. Which of the following foods would concern you? Select all that apply
A. Grande iced shaken brown sugar espresso
B. Egg-salad sandwich
C. Vegan milkshake
D. Matcha green tea latte
E. Grapefruit juice
A. Grande iced shaken brown sugar espresso
B. Egg-salad sandwich
D. Matcha green tea latte
A client is scheduled to receive acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) 20% solution diluted in 0.9% normal saline by nebulizer. Which outcome would the nurse expect to see as a result of the administration of this medication?
a) Bronchodilation
b) Decreased coughing
c) Absence of wheezing
d) Thinning of respiratory secretions
d) Thinning of respiratory secretions
Acetylcysteine is administered to thin bronchial secretions and is considered a mucolytic. The other three options are the outcomes of respiratory medication therapy, but not of acetylcysteine.
What is acetylcysteine the antidote of?
After administering a sympathomimetic to a patient experiencing bronchoconstriction, a nurse can assess for the therapeutic effect of the drug through
A. Visualizing the patient increase the depth of their respirations
B. Visualizing decreased inflammation in their oral mucosa
C. Visualizing the patient decrease their rate of breathing
D. Auscultating an absence of a rubbing-like sound in their lungs
A. Visualizing the patient increase the depth of their respirations
Which of the following conditions would contraindicate a patient from warfarin therapy?
A. Heavy periods
B. Determined to breastfeed
C. Hepatic disease
D. Recurrent UTIs
C. Hepatic disease
Your patient asks you what the atorvastatin (Lipitor) they are prescribed do for them. What is an expected outcome for this patient?
A) Decrease in serum cholesterol only
B) Decrease in serum cholesterol and LDL levels
C) Decrease in sitosterol and serum cholesterol
D) Decrease in campesterol and LDL levels
B) Decrease in serum cholesterol and LDL levels
You are performing a head-to-toe assessment on a patient receiving epoetin alfa treatment for anemia that developed post-chemotherapy. Which of the following findings would the nurse suspect is related to their current anemia treatment?
A. Red, hot facial flushing
B. Constipation lasting 3 days
C. Low blood pressure
D. Peripheral edema
D. Peripheral edema
The health care provider (HCP) has prescribed codeine sulfate for a client with a nonproductive cough to suppress the cough reflex. The nurse should teach the client to monitor for which side effect of the medication?
a) Constipation
b) Painful coughing
c) Increased urination
d) Difficulty swallowing
a) Constipation
Codeine sulfate is an opioid analgesic and a frequent side effect is constipation. Additional side effects include drowsiness, nausea, and vomiting. Urinary retention is also a concern, and urine output should be monitored. Painful coughing and difficulty swallowing are unrelated to the administration of this medication.
Which of the following should a nurse inform their patient to avoid while taking a leukotriene receptor antagonist? Select all that apply
A. Nifedipine
B. Theophylline
C. Calcium channel blockers
D. Heparin
E. Asipirin
B. Theophylline
C. Calcium channel blockers
E. Asipirin
A patient who has been taking an antihistamine every day for the past two weeks comes into the ER complaining of a recent onset of drowsiness, blurred vision, constipation and dysuria.
True or false: this is an emergency situation and intervention should take place immediately.
False.
These are expected side effects of antihistamines. What are these side effects known as?
A patient with a history of high cholesterol calls the clinic nurse complaining of diarrhea, stomach pain, and malaise. For which medication is this an expected side effect?
a. Zofran
b. Amoxicillin
c. Ezetimibe
d. This is not an expected side effect
c. Ezetimibe
You are giving care to a patient with megaloblastic anemia who is being treated with folic acid and vitamin B12. Which of the following routes is vitamin B12 administered to this patient?
A. PO
B. SubQ
C. IM
D. IV push
C. IM
Which of the following uses are topical nasal steroids not indicated for?
a. Runny nose
b. Congestion
c. Allergic rhinitis
d. Relief of sneezing
e. Sinus infection
e. Sinus infection
Why do we not give steroids to a person with an infection?
You are caring for a 21-year-old client that has been recently diagnosed with asthma. He insists, “Nothing will stop me from smoking cigarettes- not you and not asthma”. His doctor has prescribed him theophylline. You make which of the following recommendations?
A. Tell the patient to switch to vaping
B. Tell the patient that he is destroying his body
C. Tell the doctor to increase his dosage
D. Tell the doctor to decrease his dosage
C. Tell the doctor to increase his dosage
You are caring for a patient on a labor and delivery floor that had a complex delivery requiring her to remain bed-bound and to receive multiple blood transfusions. Her doctor has prescribed her parenteral anticoagulant therapy for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. Your patient states, “I’m so sad that I won’t be able to breastfeed while on this medication”. Which of the following statements is the most appropriate response?
A. “Don’t worry girly, the formula is not that bad”
B. “We can talk to your doctor about switching to a different medication”
C. “You can continue to breastfeed after you discontinue this medication”
D. “This medication does not pass through breastmilk, it is safe to breastfeed your baby”
D. “This medication does not pass through breastmilk, it is safe to breastfeed your baby”
Name some modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis:
Modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis:
smoking, high cholesterol levels, high blood sugar (glucose) levels, lack of exercise, poor dietary habits, and high blood pressure
Nonmodifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis
Age, gender, ethnicity, genetics/family history
What does atherosclerosis lead to?
A nursing student would be correct to identify aspirin as used in the treatment of which of the following conditions?
A. PAD
B. Abdominal aortic aneurysm
C. DVT
D. PE
A. PAD
A patient has just been prescribed promethazine. It is the nurse's job to tell the patient to avoid which of the following while taking this medication?
a. Foods/drinks high in calcium
b. Alcohol
c. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
d. Citrus juices
e. Opioids
b. Alcohol
c. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors
e. Opioids
Antihistamines can cause drowsiness, sedation, and nausea. MAOI’s can increase the effects of antihistamines.
You are caring for an asthmatic patient who has recently been diagnosed with right-sided heart failure. Which of the following medication should be administered cautiously for their asthma?
A. Caffeine
B. Theophylline
C. Xanthines
D. Epinephrine
D. Epinephrine
A patient is about to receive their first dose of metronidazole. Which of the following comorbidities would prevent the patient from receiving this medicine?
A. Alcoholism
B. End-stage renal disease
C. Ulcerative colitis
D. Hemophilia
A. Alcoholism