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Measurements (1)
Classify Matter (2)
States of Matter (3)
Solubilty and Heat (8.1 & 8.2, 16)
Atoms (4)
100
What tool do we use to measure length? what units do we use?
Tool: Ruler or meter stick. Units: m, km, cm, mm
100
What is matter?
Anything that takes up space (volume) and has mass. Anything on Earth!!
100
What is matter? Name the four states of matter.
Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass. Four states of matter: solid, liquid, gases, plasma
100
In a solution, what is the component that is being dissovled? Name the univeral solvent?
The solute is dissovled in the solvent creating a solution. Water is the universal solvent.
100
Name the three subatomic particles and their charges.
Protons: p+ positive Electrons: e- negative Neutrons: n0 neutral
200
What units so we use to measure mass? What tools do we use to measure mass?
Mass – how much matter is in the object. Unit – g, kg, mg Tools – balances, electronic scales, spring scales
200
What is the difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous?
Homogeneous: Matter that is made up of the same or alike particles. SAME THROUGHOUT. Can’t see the particle Heterogeneous:Matter that is made up of different types of particles. DIFFERENT THROUGHOUT. Can see the particles.
200
Which state of matter has no definite shape or volume? Which state of matter has no definite shape but definite volume? Which state of matter has definite shape and volume?
gases have no definite shape or volume. liquids have no definite shape but definite volume solids have definite shape and definite volume.
200
What is the largest difference between an aqueous and tincture solution?
aqueous solutions are water based. tincture solutions are alcohol based.
200
What are the approximate locations of the subatomic particles, protons, electrons and neutrons in an atom?
Protons and neutrons are located in the center of an atom in the nucleus. Electrons are located around the nucleus in approximate locations throughout the electron cloud.
300
Define Density. What units do we use to measure density?
Density – Mass/ Volume Unit – g/ml or g/cm³ Hint: Density of Water = 1 g/ml
300
Name two types of pure substances.
Elements: Purest substance known that can’t be broken down. Ex. Neon: Ne Compounds: 2 or more elements chemically combined Ex. Water: H2O
300
When heat is added to a substance what happens to the particles of that substance? What happens when heat is taken away?
Thermal expansion- when heat is added to a substance the particle of that substance expand and speed up. When heat is taken away from a substance the particle contract and slow down.
300
Name the three ways to increase the rate of solutions.
Stirring, heating, powdering (increase surface area)
300
Using the periodic table tell me the symbol, atomic number and number of protons & electrons in the element Carbon
Carbon: Symbol- C Atomic Number- 6 Proton- 6 Electrons-6
400
Define volume. What units and tools do we use to measure volume?
Volume – amount of space an object takes up. Unit – L, mL, cm³, cc(ml) Tools- graduated cylinders, beakers
400
Name two properties of a mixture.
-Heterogeneous or Homogeneous -Easily separated -Physically combined to easily separate. -Amounts vary when mixed -Changes only in physical appearance when dissolved.
400
Are phase changes physical or chemical changes? As a phase change occurs temperature remains the same, increase or decreases?
Phase changes are physical changes. When a phase change occurs temperature REMAINS THE SAME!
400
What is heat? What instrument do we use to measure heat? Heat travels from hot to cold or cold to hot?
Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another becuase of a temperature difference. A thermometer is used to measure thermal expansion (heat) Heat travels from hot to cold!
400
How many neutrons does the element carbon have? What equation did you use?
12.01 --> rounds down to 12 12 (mass number) - 6 (atomic number)= 6 neutrons mass number is the sum of the protons and neutrons.
500
Physical Science is the study of what two science subjects?
Chemistry – The study of molecules and elements in motion. Physics – The study of energy in action or being stored.
500
What is the Tyndall Effect? *colloids
A solution that scatters light. Example; colloids--> fog, smoke, foam
500
What were the following scientist contribution to science? Archimedes Bernoulli Pascal
Archimedes' principle: buoyant forces, upward force on an object Bernoulli's principle: air pressure, fast moving air= low pressure. Pascal principle: hydraulics, liquids can not be compressed
500
Name the three ways heat can be tranfered? Give an example for each.
Conduction- the transfer of thermal energy (heat) with no overall transfer of matter. Ex. Touching a hot metal spoon Convection- transfer of thermal energy when particles of a fluid move from one place to another. Ex. Convection oven, boiling water. Radiation- transfer of energy by waves moving through space.
500
What is an Isotope?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same atomic number (number of PROTONS) but different mass numbers (number of NEUTRONS).